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. 2015 Jul 1;10(7):e0128300. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128300

Table 1. Summary of the causal relationship between multistep tumorigenesis and glycomic alterations.

Observed phenomena TERT SV40ER H-RasV12 MyrAKT (Possible) Causal gene(s)
Total N-glycans ↓↓ various
Pauci-mannose type N-glycans ↑↑ ↓↓ unidentified
N-glycans with multiple fucose ↑↑ ↓↓ various FUTs
N-glycans with bisect GlcNAc ↑↑↑ ↓↓↓ MGAT3
N-glycans with β1–6 linked GlcNAc MGAT5
N-glycans with β1–6 linked GlcNAc (relative abundance in total C/H glycans) MGAT5 etc
N-glycans with monoantennary glycans ↑↑ ↓↓↓ MGAT2
Proportion of α2,6 sialic acids of total sialic acids in A1 and A2 ST6GAL I, II, ST3GAL III, IV
Proportion of α2,6 sialic acids of total sialic acids in A1F and A2F ↓↓ ↓↓↓ ↑↑↑ ↓↓↓ ST6GAL I, II, ST3GAL III, IV
N-glycans with Neu5Gc (%) ↑↑↑ lysosomal sialic acid transporter/ lysosomal sialidase
Total neutral O-glycans ↓↓ ↑↑ ↓↓ various SIATs
Disialylated O-glycans (mostly disialyl T) ↓↓ ↑↑ ST6GALNAC
O-glycans with core2 ↓↓↓ ↑↑ B3GNT3 or GCNT1, 3, 4
O-glycans with Neu5Gc ↑↑↑ lysosomal sialic acid transporter/ lysosomal sialidase
Total GSL glycans ↓↓ ↑↑ various
LacCer ↑↑↑ ↓↓↓ ↑↑↑ ↓↓ UGCG/B4GALT6
Total ganglio-series GSL glycans ↓↓ ↓↓↓ balance of ST3GAL5, B4GALNT1, A4GALT and B3GNT5
GM3 ↓↓ ST3GAL5
GM2 ↓↓↓ B4GALNT1
GM1 ↓↓ ↓↓ B3GALT4
GD3 ↑↑↑ ↓↓↓ SIAT8A
GD1 ↓↓ ↓↓↓ ↑↑ B3GALT4
Total globo-series GSL glycans ↑↑↑ ↑↑ ↑↑ balance of ST3GAL5, B4GALNT1, A4GALT and B3GNT5
Gb3 ↑↑↑ ↑↑↑ ↑↑ A4GAT
Gb4 ↓↓ ↑↑↑ ↑↑ B3GALNT1
SSEA-4 ↑↑↑ ST8SIA1
Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-6(Galβ1–3)GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc ↑↑↑ ↑↑↑ ↓↓↓ GNTs and GALTs
Total lacto-series GSL glycans ↓↓ ↑↑↑ balance of ST3GAL5, B4GALNT1, A4GALT and B3GNT5
Lc-series glycans with fucose ↓↓↓ ↑↑↑ ↓↓ ↑↑↑ various FUTs
Galα1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glc ↓↓ ↑↑↑ ↓↓ GNTs and GALTs
GSL glycans with sialic acid(s) ↓↓ ↓↓ ↑↑↑ various SIATs
GSL glycans with Neu5Gc ↑↑ balance of ST3GAL5, B4GALNT1, A4GALT and B3GNT5

Increase by 1.25–2-fold (↑), 2–5-fold (↑↑), and > 5-fold (↑↑↑). Decrease by 0.5–0.75-fold (↓), 0.2–0.5-fold (↓↓), and < 0.2-fold (↓↓↓). The increase and decrease is within 0.75-fold and 1.25-fold (→)