Table 7. Regression of Testosterone-Change on Aggression-Change in Men on Statins*.
* | Without Adjustment for LDL | Adjusted for LDL and LDL Change† | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Change in Testosterone | Baseline Testosterone | Change in Testosterone | Baseline Testosterone | |||||||||
Beta ± SE | 95% CI | P | Beta ± SE | 95% CI | P | Beta ± SE | 95% CI | P | Beta ± SE | 95% CI | P | |
On Placebo N = 162 | 0.059± 0.20 | -0.33, 0.45 | 0.77 | -0.005± 0.21 | -0.42, 0.41 | 0.98 | 0.063 ± 0.20 | -0.33, 0.45 | 0.75 | -0.015 ± 0.21 | -0.44, 0.41 | 0.95 |
On Statins N = 322 | 0.65 ± 0.30 | 0.064, 1.2 | 0.030 | 0.83 ± 0.31 | 0.23, 1.4 | 0.007 | 0.66 ± 0.31 | 0.055, 1.3 | 0.033 | 0.85 ± 0.31 | 0.24, 1.5 | 0.007 |
On Simvastatin N = 165 | 1.3 ± 0.49 | 0.33, 2.2 | 0.009 | 1.5 ± 0.51 | 0.55, 2.5 | 0.003 | 1.3 ± 0.51 | 0.32, 2.4 | 0.010 | 1.6 ± 0.52 | 0.57, 2.6 | 0.002 |
Beta = regression coefficient; CI = confidence interval; LDL = low density lipoprotein cholesterol; OASMa = Overt-Aggression-Scale-Modified–Aggression-Subscale; SE = standard error. Change in aggression: Final on-treatment OASMa minus baseline OASMa.
* All regressions adjust for baseline aggression and baseline testosterone (as well as testosterone-change).
† LDL Change is unrelated to aggression decline in these models, in which testosterone values are also adjusted: A change in testosterone (independent variable) predicts a change in aggression (dependent variable) on statins and simvastatin (of the same sign, producing a positive coefficient). The testosterone analysis was not robust to exclusion of influential outliers.