FIG 2 .

Genetic analysis reveals DGC activity of DcpA. (A) Biofilms grown for 48 h on PVC coverslips were quantified as described in the legend to Fig. 1C. A wild-type strain with no plasmid inserted (-) is shown. The error bars show 1 standard deviation (SD). (B) Congo red colony phenotypes of A. tumefaciens strains after 48 h of growth at 28°C (vertically aligned with strain designations in panel A). (C) Quantification of intracellular levels of c-di-GMP in the indicated A. tumefaciens or E. coli strains. A DcpA variant containing catalytic site GGDEF→GGDAF mutation (DGC−) and a DcpA variant containing catalytic site EAL→AAL mutation (PDE−) were tested. c-di-GMP was measured by LC-MS/MS as described in Text S1 in the supplemental material. Values are results of two (A. tumefaciens) or three (E. coli) independent biological replicates consisting of three technical replicates each. The error bars show 1 SD.