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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 2.
Published in final edited form as: Lab Phonol. 2012 Oct 1;3(2):425–453. doi: 10.1515/lp-2012-0019
Sign Environment Vertical axis Lateral axis Horizontal axis
KNOW LL High y = 0.0221x + 81.5
R2 = 0.409***
y = −0.0075x + 47.2
R2 = 0.050
y = 0.0022x + 116.6
R2 = 0.009
Low y = −0.0306x + 168.2
R2 = 0.431***
y = 0.0236x − 6.2
R2 = 0.363***
y = 0.0161x + 89.9
R2 = 0.366***
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes*

KNOW MF High y = 0.0137x + 92.0
R2 = 0.450***
y = 0.0045x + 36.55
R2 = 0.017
y = −0.0394x + 161.7
R2 = 0.762***
Low y = −0.0015x + 121.6
R2 = 0.011
y = 0.0311x − 13.4
R2 = 0.524***
y = −0.0248x + 141.7
R2 = 0.607***
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes*

KNOW RD High y = −0.0511x + 145.3
R2 = 0.541***
y = 0.0311x − 50.2
R2 = 0.214**
y = −0.0307x + 116.4
R2 = 0.249**
Low y = −0.041x + 170.2
R2 = 0.087
y = −0.0279x − 26.0
R2 = 0.037
y = −0.0244x + 92.8
R2 = 0.205*
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes*

KNOW VF High y = 0.025x + 17.7
R2 = 0.174*
y = 0.0073x − 56.3
R2 = 0.006
y = −0.0182x + 94.9
R2 = 0.163*
Low y = −0.0515x + 150.0
R2 = 0.431***
y = 0.0685x − 100.4
R2 = 0.537***
y = 0.0547x + 10.4
R2 = 0.541***
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes*

WHY LL High y = 0.0025x + 109.8
R2 = 0.002
y = 0.026x − 20.3
R2 = 0.166*
y = 0.0201x + 110.5
R2 = 0.250**
Low y = −0.0088x + 138.4
R2 = 0.051
y = 0.0114x − 4.3
R2 = 0.056
y = 0.023x + 96.2
R2 = 0.503***
Different? N/A No No

WHY MF High y = 0.0095x + 84.9
R2 = 0.276**
y = 0.0485x − 98.2
R2 = 0.503***
y = 0.0037x + 113.6
R2 = 0.039
Low y = 0.0155x + 80.3
R2 = 0.580***
y = 0.0312x − 63.2
R2 = 0.436***
y = 0.0071x + 106.3
R2 = 0.169*
Different? No No No

WHY RD High y = −0.0255x + 159.1
R2 = 0.044
y = 0.0136x − 85.5
R2 = 0.015
y = −0.0264x + 107.8
R2 = 0.061
Low y = 0.0052x + 99.3
R2 = 0.007
y = 0.0029x − 88.8
R2 = 0.002
y = −0.0914x + 215.1
R2 = 0.585***
Different? N/A N/A Yes*

WHY VF High y = 0.036x + 34.1
R2 = 0.153*
y = 0.072x − 74.7
R2 = 0.354***
y = 0.0118x + 99.0
R2 = 0.044
Low y = −0.028x + 123.0
R2 = 0.283**
y = −0.0141x + 29.8
R2 = 0.094
y = 0.0321x + 61.7
R2 = 0.253**
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes***

FATHER LL High y = − 0.0695x + 178.0
R2 = 0.397***
y = 0.0313x − 5.8
R2 = 0.107
y = 0.0097x + 110.5
R2 = 0.069
Low y = 0.0059x + 97.9
R2 = 0.023
y = −0.0008x + 30.8
R2 = 0.000
y = 0.015x + 105.1
R2 = 0.338***
Different? Yes*** N/A No

FATHER MF High y = 0.0017x + 70.3
R2 = 0.006
y = −0.0057x − 35.2
R2 = 0.048
y = −0.0081x + 115.2
R2 = 0.166*
Low y = −0.0149x + 92.0
R2 = 0.599***
y = 0.0059x − 52.8
R2 = 0.116
y = 0.0186x + 74.6
R2 = 0.475***
Different? Yes*** N/A Yes***

FATHER RD High y = 0.0124x + 44.6
R2 = 0.215**
y = 0.1397x − 215.0
R2 = 0.804***
y = 0.0481x + 38.9
R2 = 0.375***
Low y = 0.0047x + 48.6
R2 = 0.008
y = 0.1518x − 251.2
R2 = 0.659
y = 0.1023x − 25.2
R2 = 0.616***
Different? No No Yes**

FATHER VF High y = −0.0161x + 31.8
R2 = 0.141*
y = −0.0103x − 51.0
R2 = 0.097
y = 0.0187x + 103.8
R2 = 0.301**
Low y = −0.0389x + 74.4
R2 = 0.483***
y = 0.0115x − 74.1
R2 = 0.094
y = 0.0425x + 68.1
R2 = 0.520***
Different? Yes* N/A Yes*

STUBBORN LL High y = 0.0265x + 38.4
R2 = 0.454***
y = 0.028x + 22.4
R2 = 0.373***
y = 0.007x + 115.7
R2 = 0.425***
Low y = −0.044x + 149.1
R2 = 0.597***
y = −0.0089x + 57.7
R2 = 0.057
y = 0.0133x + 101.4
R2 = 0.556***
Different? Yes*** Yes*** Yes*

STUBBORN RD High y = 0.0131x + 74.0
R2 = 0.039
y = 0.0179x + 37.1
R2 = 0.046
y = −0.0276x + 137.5
R2 = 0.338***
Low y = 0.0225x + 65.5
R2 = 0.220**
y = −0.0092x + 79.2
R2 = 0.034
y = −0.0052x + 103.4
R2 = 0.015
Different? No N/A Yes*

STUBBORN VF High y = −0.0205x + 57.4
R2 = 0.039
y = −0.0401x + 28.7
R2 = 0.045
y = −0.0214x + 160.6
R2 = 0.191*
Low y = −0.0306x + 92.9
R2 = 0.233**
y = 0.0415x − 24.8
R2 = 0.060
y = −0.0075x + 141.2
R2 = 0.129
Different? No N/A No