Table 2.
Frequency and Time of Time-Motion Observation Sample by Activity and Interaction
| TRIAGE WORKFLOW LIST | Triage Time-Motion Observation Sample | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Frequency | Time | Mean | Median (Min/Max) | |||
| No. | % | Total | % | |||
| WORKFLOW CATEGORIES | ||||||
| Coordination of Activities | 435 | 67.8% | 14:54:30 | 60.9% | 02:03 | 1:23 (0:01, 17:39) |
| Information Flow | 88 | 13.7% | 4:21:29 | 17.8% | 02:58 | 2:00 (0:14, 16:11) |
| Problem Solving | 57 | 8.9% | 1:45:56 | 7.2% | 01:51 | 1:10 (0:09, 10:35) |
| Workarounds, Interruptions, Inefficiencies | 62 | 10% | 3:27:18 | 14% | 03:20 | 2:43 (0:20, 13:35) |
| Totals | 642 | 100% | 24:29:13 | 100% | 02:17 | 1:30 (0:01, 17:39) |
| WORKFLOW ARTIFACTS | ||||||
| Telephone | 151 | 24% | 7:02:43 | 29% | 02:48 | 2:07 (0:01, 17:39) |
| Voice Mail | 31 | 6% | 1:17:33 | 5% | 02:30 | 1:30 (0:43, 11:19) |
| Video Software / Audio Headset | 40 | 12% | 2:42:03 | 11% | 04:03 | 3:10 (0:31, 13:40) |
| EMR Search / Review Clinical Document | 76 | 12% | 2:05:28 | 9% | 01:39 | 1:08 (0:02, 8:46) |
| EMR Message (review/update) | 105 | 16% | 2:45:06 | 11% | 01:34 | 1:19 (0:02, 7:14) |
| EMR e-prescribe | 49 | 8% | 1:39:59 | 7% | 02:02 | 1:28 (0:15, 17:15) |
| Fax | 15 | 2% | 0:11:17 | 1% | 00:45 | |
| Internet | 5 | 1% | 0:13:34 | 1% | 02:43 | |
| Paging System | 1 | 0% | 0:02:20 | 0% | 02:20 | |
| Printer | 9 | 1% | 0:10:23 | 1% | 01:09 | |
| Call log | 34 | 5% | 0:39:54 | 3% | 01:10 | 0:49 (0:09, 7:30) |
| Form | 64 | 10% | 2:25:53 | 10% | 02:17 | 1:32 (0:13, 8:35) |
| Paper prescription (controlled substances) | 8 | 1% | 0:08:52 | 1% | 01:07 | |
| Reference Manuals | 3 | 0% | 0:06:37 | 0% | 02:12 | |
| Children's ‘Tube System’ | 0 | 0% | 0:00:00 | 0% | 00:00 | |
| No Artifact Used | 51 | 8% | 2:57:31 | 12% | 03:29 | 1:45 (0:05, 16:11) |
| Totals | 642 | 100% | 24:29:13 | 100% | 02:17 | 1:30 (0:01, 17:39) |
| WORKFLOW PERSONS | ||||||
| Parent / Caregiver | 144 | 22% | 6:43:38 | 27% | 02:48 | 2:06 (0:16, 13:33) |
| Child | 10 | 2% | 1:01:35 | 4% | 06:10 | 6:00 (1:22, 13:40) |
| Clinic Provider (MD / PNP) | 110 | 17% | 4:13:03 | 17% | 02:18 | 1:37 (0:05, 16:11) |
| Clinic Medical Assistant | 1 | 0% | 0:01:15 | 0% | 01:15 | |
| Triage Nurse | 29 | 5% | 1:08:54 | 5% | 02:23 | 1:27 (0:16, 13:00) |
| Other Clinic Staff | 3 | 0% | 0:14:46 | 1% | 04:55 | |
| Other Hospital Personnel | 16 | 2% | 1:04:15 | 4% | 04:01 | |
| Community Providers | 14 | 2% | 0:36:31 | 2% | 02:36 | |
| Community Non-Provider (school, insurer) | 7 | 1% | 0:19:48 | 1% | 02:50 | |
| Investigator | 3 | 0% | 0:07:58 | 1% | 02:39 | |
| No Person Involved | 305 | 48% | 8:57:30 | 37% | 01:46 | 1:11 (0:01, 17:15) |
| Totals | 642 | 100% | 24:29:13 | 100% | 02:17 | 1:30 (0:01, 17:39) |