Table 1.
Descriptive Statistics at Baseline and During Treatment
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TAU (n = 95) | RP (n = 88) | MBRP (n = 103) | ||
| Male sex | 69 (72.6) | 56 (63.6) | 76 (73.8) | .16 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 46 (48.4) | 43 (48.9) | 57 (55.3) | .38 |
| Black or African American | 22 (23.2) | 13 (14.8) | 26 (25.2) | |
| Native American | 4 (4.2) | 8 (9.1) | 6 (5.8) | |
| Asian | 1 (1.1) | 0 | 1 (1.0) | |
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.1) | 0 | |
| Mixed | 9 (9.5) | 12 (13.6) | 6 (5.8) | |
| Other, not specified | 2 (2.1) | 3 (3.4) | 0 | |
| Hispanic or Latino/Latina | 13 (13.7) | 10 (11.4) | 9 (8.7) | |
| Unemployed | 62 (65.3) | 53 (60.2) | 67 (65.0) | .69 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Did not complete high school | 12 (12.6) | 7 (8.0) | 7 (6.8) | .27 |
| High school graduate/GED | 45 (47.4) | 33 (37.5) | 52 (50.5) | |
| Some college | 22 (23.2) | 24 (27.3) | 23 (22.3) | |
| College degree | 16 (16.8) | 24 (27.3) | 21 (20.4) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 37.2 (10.8) | 38.9 (10.9) | 39.1 (10.9) | .42 |
| Alcohol use only | 14 (14.7) | 9 (10.2) | 16 (15.5) | .08 |
| Polysubstance use | 79 (83.2) | 75 (85.2) | 81 (78.6) | .48 |
| Treatment hours completed, mean (SD) | 11.0 (7.5) | 12.4 (7.0) | 12.0 (6.6) | .40 |
| Treatment sessions attended, % | ||||
| ≥75 | 44 (46.3) | 43 (48.9) | 48 (46.6) | .35 |
| ≥50 | 17 (17.9) | 18 (20.5) | 16 (15.5) | .29 |
| ≥25 | 14 (14.7) | 13 (14.8) | 17 (16.5) | .76 |
| No. of prior treatment episodes, mean (SD) | 1.28 (1.18) | 1.72 (1.69) | 1.58 (1.52) | .14 |
| SDS baseline, mean (SD) | 8.52 (4.43) | 10.27 (3.67) | 9.52 (4.23) | .20 |
| Abstinence at baseline, ASI | 29 (30.5) | 32 (37.2) | 41 (41.6) | .35 |
| Abstinence during treatment, ASI | 44 (46.3) | 52 (59.1) | 65 (63.1) | .24 |
Abbreviations: ASI, Addiction Severity Index; GED, General Educational Development; MBRP, mindfulness-based relapse prevention; RP, relapse prevention; SDS, Severity of Dependence Scale; TAU, treatment as usual.