Table 1.

Knowledge test for vaccination pain management in infants

	Correct response*
1. Giving sugar water can reduce pain and distress.**	True
2. Using medicines like acetaminophen (Tylenol, Tempra), or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can reduce pain and distress.	False
3. Putting ice on the skin can reduce pain and distress.	False
4. Breastfeeding can reduce pain and distress.**	True
5. Bottle feeding can reduce pain and distress.	True
6. Holding the baby can reduce pain and distress.**	True
7. Using numbing (anaesthetic) medicines can reduce pain and distress.**	True
8. Distracting the baby can reduce pain and distress.**	True
9. Acting calm can reduce pain and distress.**	True
10. Rubbing the skin can reduce pain and distress.	False
11. Performing intramuscular injections quickly without prior aspiration can reduce pain and distress.**	True
12. Giving the most painful vaccine first if multiple vaccines are injected sequentially can reduce pain and distress.**	False

*Based on HELPinKIDS clinical practice guideline [11].

**Information featured prominently in the educational material.