A. actinomycetemcomitans invasion induces NLRP3 expression in RAW 264 cells. A. actinomycetemcomitans-invaded RAW 264.7 cells (MOI 50) were cultured for the indicated times. (A) Expression of the pattern recognition receptor gene, NLRP3, was determined by real-time RT-PCR at the indicated time points. Values are presented relative to noninvaded control cells, which were arbitrarily assigned a value of 1. Data are shown as the mean of 3 independent experiments, with 3 independent samples examined in each (*P<0.05, Student's t-test). (B) Detection of NLRP3 protein by immunoblotting. (C)
A. actinomycetemcomitans-invaded RAW 264 cells were stained with FITC-anti-NLRP3, phalloidin, and mounted with DAPI-containing buffer. Blue, DAPI, nucleus; green, NLRP3; red, actin filament. Images (magnification×40) are representative of 3 independent experiments.