Table 4.
Hazard Ratios and (95% Confidence Intervals) from Cox Proportional Hazards Regression Models of DSM-IV Alcohol Dependence Diagnosis from First Standard Drink of Alcohol
Predictor (risk period) | Model I | Model II | Model IIIa |
---|---|---|---|
Risk Group | |||
1. Father DD or AD | 1.58 (1.11 – 2.24) | 1.62 (1.14 – 2.30) | 1.59 (1.09 – 2.32) |
2. Father unaffected, MZ uncle DD or AD | 1.54 (0.96 – 2.46) | 1.55 (0.97 – 2.47) | 1.79 (1.07 – 2.98) |
3. Father unaffected, DZ uncle DD or AD | 0.92 (0.55 – 1.54) | 0.94 (0.56 – 1.57) | 1.04 (0.60 – 1.81) |
4. Father and uncle unaffected, | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Parental separation | -- | 0.82 (0.61 – 1.11) | 0.65 (0.46 – 0.92) |
Note. DD= drug dependent; AD = alcohol dependent. Differences between Risk Groups 1–3 non-significant except Models I and II, Risk Group 1 > 3, p < 0.05.
Controlling for maternal AD and history of cannabis use, offspring sex and birth cohort, family income, mother report of offspring inattention, hyperactivity and oppositional defiant disorder, and offspring self-report of conduct disorder, depression, suicidality, social phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, panic attacks, childhood trauma, childhood physical abuse/neglect and childhood rape/molestation, and age at first standard drink of alcohol. See Supplementary Table 3 for individual hazards.