Figure 3.

Submerged NHBE cells were pretreated with AG1478 (100 nM) or DMSO (0.01%), anti–TGF-α antibody (Ab) (5 μg/ml) or rabbit isotype IgG (5 μg/ml) for 1 hour before stimulation with (A and B) TGF-α (100 ng/ml) or (C and D) HKSA (5 × 10⁸ particles/ml). Cell lysates were collected to assess expression of (A and C) MMP-1 mRNA by RT-PCR, and supernatants were collected for (B and D) MMP-1 protein detection by ELISA. Data represent mean ± SEM of three independent experiments; *P < 0.01 by t test when compared with media-only control; ^#P < 0.01 by t test when compared with HKSA- and DMSO- or isotype IgG–stimulated cells; NS, not significant.