Table 3.

Comparison of clinical and laboratory features of three drugs associated with drug-induced lupus

Drug	Clinical Features	Laboratory Features	Positive Antibody Tests
Hydralazine	Rash, fever, myalgias, pleuritis, polyarthritis nephritis <10%	Anemia, leukopenia	ANA, anti-dsDNA, ANCA, antihistone
Procainamide	Polyarthritis, polyarthralgias serositis nephritis <10%	Anemia	Anti-dsDNA, antihistone, anticardiolipin
TNF-α inhibitors	Systemic symptoms predominant (nephritis in 7%); skin manifestations dominate	Thrombocytopenia, hypocomplementemia	ANA, anti-dsDNA, antinucleosome, anticardiolipin

ANA, antinuclear antibody; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA antibody.