Fig. 1.

Schematic diagraming central role of pyruvate in glycolytic, citric acid cycle (CAC), and accessory pathways. PPP, pentose phosphate pathway; OGT, O-GlcNAc transferase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase; CPT1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase; PC, pyruvate carboxylase; ALT, alanine transaminase; OAA, oxaloacetate; HBP, hexosamine biosynthetic pathway; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; TSC1/2, tuberous sclerosis complex; ACC, acetyl CoA carboxylase; AMPK, AMP activated protein kinase; AKT, serine/threonine kinase; Glut4, glucose transporter 4.