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Quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses of Keap-1 and MAPK-2 mRNA gene expressions of D. melanogaster after 5 days of exposure to VCM and VCD. (A) Keap-1 and (C) MAPK-2 mRNA levels of flies exposed to VCM for 5 days; (B) Keap-1 and (D) MAPK-2 mRNA levels of flies exposed to VCD for 5 days. Data are presented as mean±SEM of three independent biological replicates carried out in quadruplicates. Each assay was carried out in three independent experiments. *p<0.05 vs control.
