Table 3.

Difference (95% confidence interval) in 12-mo cognitive trajectory per one interquartile range change in greenness estimated by main analyses and models further including school indoor elemental carbon (EC) interaction with age

Outcomes/exposures	Main analyses†,‡	Further adjusted for EC‡	% explained
Working memory
Within school	9.8 (5.2, 14.0)*	8.7 (2.5, 15.0)*	20.4
Surrounding school	9.5 (4.5, 15.0)*	6.9 (0.9, 13.0)*	27.4
Superior working memory
Within school	6.9 (3.4, 10.0)*	4.9 (0.1, 9.8)*	29.0
Surrounding school§	6.3 (2.3, 10.0)*	3.3 (-1.5, 8.1)	47.6
Inattentiveness
Within school	−3.4 (-6.6, -0.2)*	−1.2 (-5.6, 3.2)	64.7
Surrounding school	−3.7 (-7.3, -0.1)*	−1.8 (-6.1, 2.5)	51.4

^*P < 0.05.

^†Adjusted for age, sex, maternal education, and residential neighborhood socioeconomic status with school and subject as nested random effects.

^‡Estimates per 0.085 and 0.120 change respectively in greenness within and surrounding school boundaries (i.e., 1-interquartile change).

^§Fifty-meter buffer around school boundaries.