Table 2. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on BMI and weight during the treatment (baseline to 3 months, mean (s.e.)) and 6 months after treatment.
| Parameter, mean (s.e.) | Placebo | 1000 | 2000 | 4000 | 0–3-month change | P-value | 3–6-month change | P-value | 0–6-month change | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (at baseline) | 81 | 81 | 83 | 83 | ||||||
| BMI, kg m−2 | ||||||||||
| Baseline BMI | 31.76 (0.86) | 32.69 (0.82) | 32.71 (0.89) | 32.05 (0.78) | 0.01 (0.04) | 0.78 | 0.01 (0.04) | 0.71 | 0.01 (0.05) | 0.87 |
| 3-month BMI | 32.00 (0.92) | 32.41 (0.93) | 33.11 (0.96) | 32.28 (0.83) | ||||||
| 6-month BMI | 32.14 (0.92) | 32.51 (0.96) | 32.54 (0.96) | 32.02 (0.84) | ||||||
| Difference BMI (0–3) | 0.15 (0.09) | −0.04 (0.11) | 0.15 (0.13) | 0.13 (0.12) | ||||||
| Difference BMI (3–6) | −0.18 (0.10) | −0.19 (0.10) | 0.01 (0.11) | −0.14 (0.12) | ||||||
| Difference BMI (0–6) | 0 (0.11) | −0.17 (0.16) | 0.02 (0.16) | −0.02 (0.15) | ||||||
| Weight (wt), kg | ||||||||||
| Baseline wt | 90.69 (2.38) | 92.35 (2.34) | 92.56 (2.60) | 90.30 (2.44) | 0.03 (0.11) | 0.81 | 0.05 (0.10) | 0.59 | 0.03 (0.13) | 0.8 |
| 3-month wt | 90.94 (2.52) | 90.72 (2.54) | 94.07 (2.74) | 90.81 (2.52) | ||||||
| 6-month wt | 91.46 (2.56) | 90.92 (2.55) | 92.38 (2.83) | 90.22 (2.60) | ||||||
| Difference wt (0–3) | 0.41 (0.27) | −0.08 (0.30) | 0.40 (0.38) | 0.37 (0.36) | ||||||
| Difference wt (3–6) | −0.48 (0.28) | −0.62 (0.27) | 0.01 (0.32) | −0.35 (0.33) | ||||||
| Difference wt (0–6) | 0.03 (0.31) | −0.52 (0.42) | 0.01 (0.44) | −0.01 (0.43) | ||||||
| 25(OH)D, ng ml−1 | ||||||||||
| Baseline 25(OH)D | 17.07 (1.03) | 17.33 (1.00) | 16.12 (0.98) | 17.79 (0.98) | 7.75 (0.39) | <0.0001 | −4.74 (0.32) | <0.0001 | 3.04 (0.31) | <0.0001 |
| 3-month 25(OH)D | 14.23 (0.96) | 28.12 (1.11) | 35.48 (1.21) | 47.30 (1.22) | ||||||
| 6-month 25(OH)D | 19.07 (1.0) | 22.26 (0.96) | 26.77 (1.02) | 31.46 (0.81) | ||||||
| Difference 25(OH)D (0–3) | −2.58 (0.66) | 11.01(1.22) | 19.21 (1.21) | 29.79 (1.29) | ||||||
| Difference 25(OH)D (3–6) | 4.78 (0.77) | −5.80 (1.10) | −9.20 (0.91) | −15.71 (0.93) | ||||||
| Difference 25(OH)D (0–6) | 1.83 (0.86) | 5.02 (0.87) | 10.29 (0.95) | 13.81 (0.99) | ||||||
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index.
Difference BMI (0–3)=month 3 BMI kg m−2−month 0 BMI kg m−2: mean (s.e.).
Difference BMI (3–6)=month 6 BMI kg m−2−month 3 BMI kg m−2: mean (s.e.).
Difference BMI (0–6)=month 6 BMI kg m−2−month 0 BMI kg m−2: mean (s.e.).
Difference wt (0–3)=month 3 wt, kg−month 0 wt, kg: mean (s.e.).
Difference wt (3–6)=month 6 wt, kg−month 3 wt, kg: mean (s.e.).
Difference wt (0–6)=month 6 wt, kg−month 0 wt, kg: mean (s.e.).
Difference 25(OH)D (0–3)=month 3, 25(OH)D−month 0, 25(OH)D: mean (s.e.).
Difference 25(OH)D (3–6)=month 6, 25(OH)D−month 3, 25(OH)D: mean (s.e.).
Difference 25(OH)D (0–6)=month 6, 25(OH)D−month 3, 25(OH)D: mean (s.e.).
0–3 month change in weight, BMI, or 25(OH)D per 1000 IU per day of vitamin D supplementation.
3–6 month change in weight, BMI, or 25(OH)D per 1000 IU per day of vitamin D supplementation.
0–6 month change in weight, BMI, or 25(OH)D per 1000 IU per day of vitamin D supplementation.
25(OH)D conversion is 2.49 nmol l−1 for each ng ml−1.
The numbers do not always sum to group totals due to missing information for some variables.