Table 1. Percent or mean values for sample characteristics according to sex in Chinese adults aged 18–75 years, 2009 China Health and Nutrition Survey.
|
Men
N=3405 |
Women
N=3903 |
P-valuea | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or % | Standard error | Mean or % | Standard error | ||
| FBG mg dl−1, mean (s.e.) | 97.1 | 0.5 | 95 | 0.4 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c %, mean (s.e.) | 5.6 | 0 | 5.6 | 0 | 0.08 |
| Diabetes status,b % (s.e.) | <0.001 | ||||
| Nondiabetic | 88.9% | 0.5% | 90.8% | 0.5% | |
| DiabetesHbA1c | 2.5% | 0.3% | 3.0% | 0.3% | |
| DiabetesFBG | 2.4% | 0.3% | 1.4% | 0.2% | |
| DiabetesHbA1c+FBG | 6.2% | 0.4% | 4.8% | 0.3% | |
| Prediabetes/diabetes status,c % (s.e.) | 0.58 | ||||
| Normoglycemia | 64.5% | 0.9% | 65.5% | 0.8% | |
| Prediabetes/diabetesHbA1c | 15.9% | 0.7% | 16.2% | 0.6% | |
| Prediabetes/diabetesFBG | 12.0% | 0.6% | 11.0% | 0.5% | |
| Prediabetes/diabetesHbA1c+FBG | 7.6% | 0.5% | 7.3% | 0.4% | |
| Age, mean (s.e.) | 49.0 | 0.2 | 49.3 | 0.2 | 0.61 |
| Iron/anemia status,d % (s.e.) | <0.001 | ||||
| Normal iron and hemoglobin | 79.4% | 0.7% | 60.1% | 0.8% | |
| Anemia alone | 4.6% | 0.4% | 8.2% | 0.4% | |
| Iron deficiency alone | 12.7% | 0.6% | 22.0% | 0.7% | |
| Iron-deficiency anemia | 3.2% | 0.3% | 9.8% | 0.5% | |
| Waist circumference cm, mean (s.e.) | 84.5 | 0.2 | 81.1 | 0.2 | <0.001 |
| Urbanization, % (s.e.)e | 0.43 | ||||
| Low | 34.4% | 0.8% | 33.1% | 0.8% | |
| Medium | 33.7% | 0.8% | 33.9% | 0.8% | |
| High | 31.9% | 0.8% | 33.1% | 0.8% | |
| Income, % (s.e.) | 0.06 | ||||
| Low | 31.3% | 0.8% | 33.8% | 0.8% | |
| Medium | 34.5% | 0.8% | 33.6% | 0.8% | |
| High | 34.2% | 0.8% | 32.6% | 0.8% | |
| Region, % (s.e.) | 0.85 | ||||
| North | 21.1% | 0.7% | 20.6% | 0.6% | |
| Central | 35.6% | 0.8% | 36.0% | 0.8% | |
| South | 43.4% | 0.8% | 43.4% | 0.8% | |
Abbreviations: FBG, fasting blood glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; s.e., standard error.
P-value for χ2 (categorical) or analysis of variance (continuous) test for difference in sample characteristics by sex.
Diabetes was classified as nondiabetic (FBG <126 mg dl−1 and HbA1c <6.5% (48 mmol mol−1)), diabetesHbA1c (HbA1c ⩾6.5% (48 mmol mol−1) and FBG <126 mg dl−1), diabetesFBG (FBG ⩾126 mg dl−1 and HbA1c <6.5% (48 mmol mol−1)) or diabetesHbA1c+FBG (FBG ⩾126 mg dl−1 and HbA1c ⩾6.5% (48 mmol mol−1), doctor diagnosis or reported diabetes medication use).
Prediabetes/diabetes classified as normal (FBG <100 mg dl−1 and HbA1c <5.7% (39 mmol mol−1)), prediabetes/diabetesHbA1c (HbA1c ⩾5.7% (39 mmol mol−1) and FBG <100 mg dl−1), prediabetes/diabetesFBG (FBG ⩾100 mg dl−1 and HbA1c <5.7% (39 mmol mol−1)), or prediabetes/diabetesHbA1c+FBG (FBG ⩾100 mg dl−1 and HbA1c ⩾5.7% (39 mmol mol−1), doctor diagnosis or reported diabetes medication use).
The four categories of iron and/or anemia status are defined as follows: normal iron and hemoglobin (hemoglobin ⩾12 g dl−1 (women) or ⩾13 g dl−1 (men), ferritin ⩾15 μg l−1, soluble transferrin receptor <1.76 mg l−1), anemia alone (hemoglobin <12 g dl−1 (women) or <13 g dl−1 (men) without iron deficiency), iron deficiency alone (ferritin <15 μg l−1 or transferrin receptor ⩾1.76 mg l−1 without anemia) and iron-deficiency anemia (anemia: hemoglobin <12 g dl−1 (women) or <13 g dl−1 (men) as well as iron-deficiency: ferritin <15 μg l−1 or transferrin receptor ⩾1.76 mg l−1).
Column percents may not add to 100% due to rounding.