Table 2.
Relative Frequency and Relative Duration of Caregiver Person-Centered Actions and Task-Centered Actions
| Person-centered actions | Relative frequency | Relative duration (s) |
|---|---|---|
| Adjusting to resident’s pace | 0.07 | 0.18 |
| Affirmative nodding | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Appropriate use of affectionate touch | 0.03 | 0.15 |
| Asking resident for help | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Assessing comfort (nonverbal) | 0.09 | 0.04 |
| Assessing comfort or condition (verbal) | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Back-channel responses | 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Empathy | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| Giving choices | 0.08 | 0.04 |
| Greetings | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Orientation | 0.28 | 0.13 |
| Positive gestures | 0.03 | 0.11 |
| Proximity | 0.01 | 0.09 |
| Resident-directed eye gaze | 0.02 | 0.07 |
| Showing interest | 0.11 | 0.05 |
| Showing approval | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Positive voice quality | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| Task-centered actions | Relative frequency | Relative duration (s) |
| Controlling voice quality | 0.05 | 0.08 |
| Ignoring | 0.16 | 0.29 |
| Inappropriate touch | 0.16 | 0.11 |
| Outpacing | 0.40 | 0.43 |
| Physically controlling | 0.16 | 0.09 |
| Verbally controlling | 0.07 | 0.02 |