Table II.
Characteristics and psychiatric diagnoses of the ALS and PLS patients.
| ALS | PLS | |
|---|---|---|
| n | 13 | 19 |
| Age | 57.6 (12.5) years | 57.7 (6.7) years |
| Education | 14.4 (2.7) years | 15.6 (2.6) years |
| Handedness | 12 Right, 1 Left | 16 Right, 3 Left |
| Onset region | All limb | 17 limb, 2 bulbar |
| ALSFRS-R | 35.1 (7.5) | 38.3 (4.7) |
| Pseudobulbar affect | 2 | 11 |
| Time since symptom onset | 2.6 (1.4) years | 11.5 (5.9) years |
| Interval to diagnosis | 1.7 (1.4) years | – |
| MMSE | 2.6 (1.9) | 0.9 (0.9) |
| FAB | 13.0 (2.4) | 13.9 (1.1) |
| Taking antidepressant medication | 3 | 7 |
| Current MDD | 3 | 1 |
| Lifetime MDD | 7 | 7 |
| Current MDD in partial remission | 1 | 1 |
| Current substance-induced mood disorder | 0 | 0 |
| Lifetime substance-induced mood disorder | 0 | 1 |
| Current other depressive disorder | 2 | 1 |
| MDD prior to MND | 3 | 5 |
| Current EtOH abuse | 1 | 0 |
| Lifetime EtOH abuse | 3 | 2 |
| Current phobia | 2 | 0 |
| Lifetime phobia | 2 | 0 |
| Current panic disorder | 0 | 0 |
| Lifetime panic disorder | 0 | 2 |
| Current PTSD | 0 | 0 |
| Lifetime PTSD | 0 | 2 |
| Current MCI | 0 | 1 |
| Lifetime MCI | 0 | 1 |
Values are presented as means with the standard deviation in parentheses. ALSFRS-R = ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised; MDD = major depressive disorder; MMSE = Folstein Mini-Mental State Exam; FAB = Frontal Assessment Battery; PTSD = post-traumatic stress disorder; MCI = mild cognitive impairment. We did not record time interval to diagnosis for the PLS patients