Table 1.
Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical variables at baseline (randomization) in both groups
| Variable | Vitamin C group (n=36) | Control group (n=36) | Test value | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic and lifestyle | ||||
| Age (years) (mean ± SD) | 50.69±7.98 | 50.67±9.11 | t=0.014a | 0.989 |
| Sex (male, female) | 13, 23 | 9, 27 | χ2=1.047b | 0.443 |
| Smoking (S, ES, PS, NS) | 4, 6, 11, 15 | 3, 1, 13, 19 | χ2=4.352b | 0.226 |
| PA (moderate, low) | 6, 30 | 9, 27 | χ2=0.758b | 0.563 |
| Disease (HT, DM, HT + DM) | 6, 7, 23 | 6, 10, 20 | χ2=0.739b | 0.691 |
| Anthropometric | ||||
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± SD) | 36.93±5.64 | 37.76±6.66 | t=-0.573a | 0.569 |
| WC-M (cm) (mean ± SD) | 121.77±15.70 | 116.78±8.42 | t=0.961a | 0.349 |
| WC-F (cm) (mean ± SD) | 114.00±11.60 | 118.78±11.90 | t=-1.423a | 0.161 |
| Clinical | ||||
| hs-CRP (mg/L) (mean ± SD) | 14.36±8.69 | 14.02±13.70 | t=0.125a | 0.901 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) (mean ± SD) | 2.14±0.78 | 1.97±0.72 | t=0.965a | 0.338 |
| FBG (mg/dL) (mean ± SD) | 189.42±80.60 | 187.83±65.92 | t=0.091a | 0.928 |
| TC (mg/dL) (mean ± SD) | 204.58±34.78 | 208.72±38.27 | t=-0.480a | 0.633 |
| TG (mg/dL) (mean ± SD) | 225.44±94.72 | 200.42±102.70 | t=1.074a | 0.286 |
Notes: Normal ranges of clinical characteristics according to the American Heart Association and Center for Disease Control and Prevention (AHA/CDC): hs-CRP <3.0 mg/L, IL-6 <1.0 pg/mL, and according to National Cholesterol Education Program and Adult Treatment Panel-III: FBG <110 mg/dL, TC <200 mg/dL, TG <150 mg/dL.
Independent-samples t-test.
Chi-square test.
Abbreviations: S, smoker; ES, ex-smoker; PS, passive smoker; NS, non-smoker; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; FBG, fasting blood glucose; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HT, hypertension; IL-6, interleukin 6; PA, level of physical activity; SD, standard deviation; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; WC-F, waist circumference – females; WC-M, waist circumference – males.