Table 2.
Matrix of change objects and determinants of employees with CANS
| Performance objectives | Attitude | Self-efficacy | Social influence | Knowledge | Skills |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adequately deal with their complaints (pain, fatigue, limitations, disability) | Recognize that CANS is a multifactorial health problem that can be influenced by certain health behaviors Are aware of factors that could have caused and/or influenced their own complaints |
Express confidence that they can influence their complaints | Have knowledge about factors involved in the etiology and persistence of complaints Have knowledge about the influence of a healthy and active lifestyle and specific exercises |
Have a healthy and active lifestyle Perform specific exercises for their complaints Adapt their workload to their personal capacity Perform self-reflection Have the skills to adapt their work environment, workplace, or work posture if necessary |
|
| Adequately deal with stress | Recognize that (work) stress could be a factor in the persistence of complaints and recognize which factors lead to stress | Express confidence in their ability to influence their level of (work) stress | Have knowledge about (the effects of) stress, time management, and making a good plan | Perform techniques to influence their stress level Perform muscle relaxation exercises Have the skills to make a realistic and feasible plan |
|
| Communicate about their complaints and needs with health care professionals, colleagues, and supervisor, if necessary | Recognize that communicating about their complaints and asking for support needs may be useful | Express confidence that they can communicate about their complaints and needs with health care professionals, colleagues, and supervisor | Have the feeling that they are being listened to and feel supported | Have knowledge about how to communicate | Have the skills to communicate with health care professionals, colleagues, and supervisor, if necessary Have the skills, and ask for support, if necessary Ask for workplace adaptations and advice on ergonomics, if necessary |
Abbreviation: CANS, complaints of the arm, neck, and/or shoulder.