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. 2015 Jul 1;18(7):762–775. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3341

FIG. 2.

FIG. 2.

LJ inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α (A, E), IL-1β (B, F), MCP-1 (C, G), and MMP-9 (D, H) production in BV-2 microglial cells. Cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of LJ for 30 min and then exposed to 100 ng/mL of LPS for 6 h. mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, MMP-9, and β-actin were evaluated by RT-PCR. Densitometric results are presented as the mean±SEM (n=3). Cells were pretreated with the indicated concentrations of LJ for 30 min and then exposed to 100 ng/mL of LPS for 24 h. The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1, and MMP-9 were measured in culture media using commercial ELISA kits. Data are presented as the mean±SEM (n=6). ***P<.001 compared with the control group. #P<.05, ##P<.01, and ###P<.001 compared with the LPS-treated group. IL-1β, interleukin-1β; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.