Table 2. Gender differences in method-specific lethality.
| Suicide method a | Lethality (in %) | Lethality (ratio completed suicides/suicidal acts) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | φ | χ2 test (p) | ||
| Poisoning by drugs (X60 –X64) (N = 5173) | 1.8 | 2.2 (42/1876) | 1.5 (51/3297) | 0.03 | 3.24 (p = 0.07) |
| Poisoning by other means (X65 –X69) (N = 321) | 10.6 | 14.1 (26/185) | 5.9 (8/136) | 0.13 | 5.53 (p = 0.02) |
| Hanging (X70) (N = 845) | 47.5 | 53.0 (338/638) | 30.4 (63/207) | 0.19 | 31.85 (p<0.0001) |
| Drowning (X71) (N = 264) | 8.3 | 7.6 (12/157) | 9.3 (10/107) | -0.03 | 0.24 (p = 0.62) |
| Firearms (X72 –X75) (N = 45) | 60.0 | 63.2 (24/38) | 42.9 (3/7) | 0.15 | p = 0.41 b |
| Sharp object (X78) (N = 1597) | 1.8 | 2.7 (22/827) | 0.9 (7/770) | 0.07 | 6.86 (p = 0.009) |
| Jumping (X80) (N = 326) | 31.6 | 36.7 (65/177) | 25.5 (38/149) | 0.12 | 4.71 (p = 0.03) |
| Moving object (X81,X82) (N = 148) | 23.0 | 31.8 (28/88) | 10.0 (6/60) | 0.25 | 9.60 (p = 0.002) |
| Other methods (X76, X77, X79, X83, X84) (N = 223) | 10.8 | 11.7 (14/120) | 9.7 (10/103) | 0.03 | 0.22 (p = 0.64) |
Notes: The two-sided χ 2 tests refer to two-by-two tables (gender (male/female) x suicide (yes/no)). φ: phi coefficient.
a Definition according to ICD-10 [20].
b based on two-sided exact tests by Fisher.