Table 3.
Difference in eGFR Associated with Urinary Total Arsenic and DMA Levels; Adjusted for Urine Osmolality a
| Characteristic | N | Unadjusted | Model 1b | Model 2c | Model 3d |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Arsenice | 1,253 | −1.3 (−2.8, 0.2) | −0.6 (−2.0, 0.9) | −0.5 (−1.9, 1.0) | −0.4 (−1.8, 1.1) |
| Arsenic quartile | |||||
| 1 (<3.6 μg/L) | 315 | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| 2 (3.6 – 6.8 μg/L) | 313 | −1.2 (−6.1, 3.7) | 1.2 (−3.2, 5.6) | 1.0 (−3.3, 5.3) | 1.2 (−3.1, 5.5) |
| 3: (6.9 – 13.1 μg/L) | 311 | −3.4 (−7.1, 0.3) | −1.9 (−5.6, 1.8) | −1.8 (−5.5, 1.9) | −1.3 (−4.7, 2.1) |
| 4: (> 13.1 μg/L) | 314 | −2.8 (−7.0, 1.5) | −0.1 (−4.4, 4.4) | 0.1 (−4.4, 4.5) | 1.8 (−2.2, 5.8) |
| p-value for trend | 0.118 | 0.68 | 0.732 | 0.738 | |
|
| |||||
| DMAe | 1,253 | −1.7 (−3.6, 0.02) | −0.3 (−2.5, 1.9) | −0.3 (−2.4, 1.8) | −0.01 (−1.9, 1.9) |
| DMA quartile | |||||
| 1 (< 1.9 μg/L) | 316 | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) | 0 (ref) |
| 2 (1.9 – 3.5 μg/L) | 312 | −1.3 (−5.5, 2.9) | 0.6 (−3.4, 4.6) | 0.6 (−3.2, 4.4) | 0.8 (−2.9, 4.6) |
| 3 (3.6 – 6.0 μg/L) | 312 | −6.5 (−10.5, −2.5) | −3.6 (−7.3, 0.2) | −3.5 (−7.0, 0.01) | −3.1 (−6.3, 0.1) |
| 4 (>6.0 μg/L) | 313 | −2.4 (−6.0, 1.1) | 0.6 (−4.0, 5.3) | 0.6 (−3.8, 5.0) | 1.5 (−2.3, 5.2) |
| p-value for trend | 0.035 | 0.824 | 0.817 | 0.973 | |
a
Data provided as the difference in eGFR in milliliters per minute per 1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval) with arsenic species modeled continuously (per log unit increase) and as quartiles (lowest quartile is reference category).
b
Model 1 is adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, and urine osmolality.
c
Model 2 is further adjusted for BMI, log serum cotinine, hypertension, and diabetes.
d
Model 3 is further adjusted for log urinary arsenobetaine.
e
Arsenic, DMA log-transformed for linear regression analysis