Figure 3.

Oral bioassay showing the antifeeding effect (Panel A) and mortality (Panel B) of cell-free culture supernatants from Sm81 isolate towards P. blanchardi larvae. The control group was fed with carrot containing nutrient broth plus BSA. The feeding activity of larvae was evaluated during Days 7–11 after an inoculation period of 6 days. The average of food ingestion during the period is shown. Mortality was evaluated during 22 days from the beginning of bioassay. Differences among the groups of larvae shown by the letters above the bars or lines were evaluated by ANOVA for feeding activity and χ² for mortality. Sm81H represents a treatment where the cell-free culture supernatant from the isolate Sm81 were boiled for 5 min. The groups of larvae evaluated are shown by different letters above the lines; n = 14.