Figure 20.

(A) Schematic drawing of a LAPS device to monitor beating of cardiomyocytes immobilized on the semiconductor layer. The light pointer is focused above the LAPS, and illuminates vertically above the desired cells. Depending on the bias voltage, photocurrent of the LAPS is monitored by the detection system through peripheral circuit; (B) Effect of heavy metals on the spontaneous beating amplitude of the cardiomyocytes recorded by LAPS (mean ± S.E.M.; n = 7). Reprinted from [136] with permission from Elsevier.