Table 1.
Summary characteristics of studies included in review
| Study | Setting | Population | Nurse group | Physician group | Intervention | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First author, publication (y) | Location | Design, perioda | Facilities, n | Diagnosis | Nurses (n) | Patients (N) | Mean age (SD), y | Male, % | Phys., (n) | Patients (N) | Mean age (SD), y | Male, % | By | FCA | GDL | 1st C | UV | OC | C, n | FUP, months |
| Fairall et al., 2012 [25] | ZA 2 | cRCT2, 2008–2010 | Nurse ART clinic, 31 | HIV/AIDS | 103 | 3029 | 38.0 (8.9) | 30 | nr | 3202 | 38.0 (9.6) | 27 | LN | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 12–18 |
| Fairall et al., 2012 [25] | ZA 1 | cRCT1, 2008–2010 | Nurse ART clinic, 31 | HIV/AIDS | 103 | 5390 | 36.0 (9.6) | 33 | nr | 3862 | 35.0 (9.6) | 31 | LN | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 12–18 |
| Houweling et al., 2011 [27] | NL 3 | RCT, period nr | Practice, 1 | DM2 | 2 | 116 | 67.1 (11.0) | 53 | 5 | 114 | 69.5 (10.6) | 42 | NP | y | y | n | n | y | >1 | 14 |
| Andryukhin et al., 2011 [18] | RU 1 | RCT, 2006–2009 | Medical centre practice, 1 | Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction | 10 | 50 | 66.5 (3.2) | 27 | 8 | 50 | 68.0 (4.3) | 34 | NP/LN | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 6 |
| Dierick-van Daele et al., 2009 [24] | NL 2 | RCT, 2006 | Practice, 15, Reference, 5 | Common complaints | 12 | 817 | 42.8 (16.5) | 38 | 50 | 684 | 46.1 (16.6) | 40 | NP+ | n | y | y | n | n | 1 | 0.5 |
| Chan et al., 2009 [22] | UK 6 | RCT, 2002–2004 | Nurse clinic, 1 | GORD, moderate gastritis, dyspepsia after direct access gastroscopy | nr | 89 | 50.2 (13.9) | 49 | nr | 86 | 48.4 (12.8) | 49 | NP+ | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 6 |
| Hesselink et al., 2004 [26] | NL 1 | RCT, 1998–2002 | Practice, 12 | Asthma and COPD | 2 | 139 | 49.9 (14.2) | 35 | 14 | 137 | 44.7 (13.6) | 28 | LN | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 0.5, 12, 24 |
| Denver et al., 2003 [23] | UK 5 | RCT, 2000–2001 | Nurse hospital-based hypertension clinic, n = nr | DM2,hypertension, under blood pressure lowering treatment | nr | 60 | 58.1 (13.8) | 57 | nr | 60 | 62.4 (9.1) | 70 | NP+ | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 6 |
| Kernick et al., 2000 [28] | UK 4 | RCT, period nr | Health centre, 1 | Psoriasis and eczema | 1 | 55 | 47.4 (18.4) | 39 | nr | 54 | 51.7 (15.8) | 48 | NP+ | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 4 |
| Kinnersley et al., 2000 [34] | UK 3 | RCT, period nr | Practice, 10 | Diverse conditions | 12 | 1465b | range: 0–>75 | 39 | 10 | 1465b | range: 0–>75 | 42 | NP | n | nr | y | y | n | 1 | 0.5 |
| Shum et al., 2000 [32] | UK 2 | RCT, 1998–1999 | Practice, 5 | Acute minor illnesses | 5 | 900 | IQR:26.0 (9.0–41.7) | 40 | 19 | 915 | IQR:29.1 (9.7–44.9) | 40 | NP | n | nr | y | y | n | ≥1 | 0.5 |
| Campbell et al., 1998 [19–21, 29–31, 33] | UK 1 | RCT, 1995–1996 | Practice, 19 | CHD secondary prevention | 28 | 673 | 65.9 (7.9) | 58 | nr | 670 | 66.3 (8.3) | 58 | NP | n | y | n | n | y | >1 | 12, 48 |
Studies are listed by year (y) of publication, in decreasing order
Phys. (n): number of physicians; Nurses (n): number of nurses; Patients (N): number of patients enrolled (Fairall et al. 2012 [25]) or randomized; SD: standard deviation; UK: United Kingdom; NL: The Netherlands; ZA: South Africa; RU: Russia; RCT: randomized controlled trial; cRCT: cluster randomized controlled trial; Facilities n: number of facilities; DM (2): diabetes mellitus (type 2); GORD: gastro-esophageal reflux disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CHD: coronary heart disease; IQR: interquartile ranges; NP: nurse practitioner; NP+: nurse practitioner with additional degrees/courses; LN: licensed nurse; FCA: full clinical autonomy; GDL: guideline/(semi-structured)protocol-based interventions; 1stC.: 1st contact; UV: urgent visits; OC: ongoing care; C (n): number of consultations; FUP: length of follow-up; y: yes; n: no; nr: not reported
aStart and end year when studies were conducted
bNumber of randomized patients per group not reported