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. 2012 Aug 29;2(3):395–414. doi: 10.3390/ani2030395

Figure 2.

Figure 2

This cross section demonstrates the relationship of acupuncture point TH 23 to the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and the overlying thin layer of orbicularis oculi muscle. The clinical significance of this anatomy pertains to translational safety issues in acupuncture. That is, a human acupuncturist expects to reach bone shortly after penetrating the soft tissues. In contrast, the bony orbit in the dog ends at this site. A needle entering the soft tissue could therefore enter the orbit. (Image courtesy of Narda G. Robinson, DO, DVM, MS and Teton NewMedia. From [17]).