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. 2014 Aug 29;4(3):524–534. doi: 10.3390/ani4030524

Table 4.

Results of variance analysis and least-squares means of defects incidence by sources of variation.

Sources of variation Hematomas (%) Lacerations (%) Hemorrhages (%) Veining (%)
P / Least squares mean P / Least squares mean P / Least squares mean P / Least squares mean
Distance 0.0079 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
 1 (11–37 km) 4.57 a 1.48 b 1.32 b 11.04 a
 2 (38–86 km) 4.44 ab 1.31 c 1.34 b 11.14 a
 3 (89–170 km) 4.08 b 1.30 bc 1.08 c 9.24 b
 4 (199–276 km) 4.78 a 1.91 a 1.77 a 11.50 a
 Pooled SEM(*) 0.11 0.06 0.05 0.22
Season <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001
 Winter 6.53 a 1.32 b 1.19 b 12.05 b
 Spring 5.88 b 1.33 b 1.74 a 15.23 a
 Summer 3.58 c 1.28 b 0.96 c 8.70 c
 Autumn 2.87 d 2.13 a 1.71 a 8.18 c
 Pooled SEM(*) 0.12 0.06 0.05 0.24
Year <0.0001 0.0359 <0.0001 <0.0001
 2012 3.70 b 1.42 b 1.24 b 9.73 b
 2013 5.37 a 1.55 a 1.48 a 11.74 a
 Pooled SEM(*) 0.08 0.04 0.04 0.04
Distance × season 0.7421 0.3412 0.0352 0.5894
Distance × year 0.1526 0.7083 0.0137 0.0007
Season × year 0.1926 0.0056 <0.0001 <0.0001

(*) SEM: Standard Error of Mean; Means in the same column without the same letter differ significantly (P < 0.05).