Figure 3.

Knockdown of sulfiredoxin 1 (Srxn1) increases apoptosis following exposure to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) or hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). (A and B) Apoptosis was assessed by Hoechst 33342 staining and visualized by fluorescence. Exposure to OGD or H₂O₂ increased cell apoptosis. Following exposure to OGD or H₂O₂, the knockdown of Srxn1 increased apoptosis increased more significantly. Scale bar, 20 μm. Results are expressed as the means ± SEM; ^**P<0.01 vs. controls (untreated cells); ^##P<0.01 vs. control + OGD (or H₂O₂) group, n=4. (C and D) Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis and necrosis. (C) Typical representative dot plots of the distribution of normal (Annexin V⁻/PI⁻), early apoptotic (Annexin V⁺/PI⁻), late apoptotic (Annexin V⁺/PI⁺) and necrotic (Annexin V⁻/PI⁺) cells. (D) Late-apoptotic and early-apoptotic astrocytes were calculated from the total astrocytes. Following exposure to OGD or H₂O₂, the knockdown of Srxn1 markedly increased apoptosis. Data are the means ± SEM; ^**P<0.01 vs. controls (untreated cells); ^##P<0.01 vs. control + OGD (or H₂O₂) group, n=4. NC, negative control (unreated cells).