Table 4.
Pain sensitivity responses to the IPT and baseline and conditioned PPTs during concurrent cold water immersion to determine the magnitude of CPM at the forearm
| Variables | Overall, mean (SD) | Men, mean (SD) | Women, mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|---|
| IPT | |||
| Tolerance (seconds) | 446.65 (225.68) | 543.54 (242.38) | 349.75 (160.43) |
| Pain intensity | 48.97 (20.88) | 44.60 (19.57) | 53.34 (21.63) |
| Pain unpleasantness | 54.75 (20.35) | 51.29 (18.65) | 58.21 (21.75) |
| CPM | |||
| Baseline PPTs | 357.25 (155.36) | 411.15 (159.93) | 303.35 (132.98) |
| Conditioned | 416.79 (188.49) | 506.71 (193.78) | 326.86 (134.81) |
| PPTs | |||
| CPM (% change) | 18.72 (29.03) | 27.46 (33.78) | 9.98 (20.55) |
Note: All PPT values are presented as kilopascals (kPa).
Abbreviations: CPM, conditioned pain modulation; IPT, ischemic pain task; PPT, pressure pain threshold; SD, standard deviation.