Table 1. Comparison of demographic factor of DR patients by depression status.
| Depression Status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Overall sample | CES-D score ≥ 16 | CES-D score < 16 | χ2/t | P |
| Total, n(%) | 294 | 105(35.70) | 189(64.30) | ||
| Gender, n(%) | 11.85* | 0.001 | |||
| Male | 146(49.66) | 38(26.03) | 108(73.97) | ||
| Female | 148(50.34) | 67(45.27) | 81(54.73) | ||
| Age (year), mean (SD) | 57.77(9.64) | 56.77(10.56) | 58.33(9.08) | 1.33* | 0.190 |
| Employment status, n(%) | 2.86 | 0.091 | |||
| Working | 137(46.60) | 42(30.66) | 95(69.34) | ||
| Not working | 157(53.40) | 63(40.13) | 94(59.87) | ||
| Education, n(%) | 1.49 | 0.480 | |||
| Primary or below(0–6 years) | 120(40.82) | 46(38.33) | 74(61.67) | ||
| Secondary (7–13 years) | 157(53.40) | 55(35.03) | 102(64.67) | ||
| Tertiary (>13 years) | 17(5.78) | 4(23.53) | 13(76.47) | ||
| Marital status(Married),n(%) | 282(95.90) | 98(34.75) | 184(65.25) | 2.65 | 0.170 |
| Monthly income(RMB),n(%) | 26.45 | <0.001 | |||
| <1000 | 119(40.48) | 62(52.10) | 57(47.90) | ||
| 1000–2000 | 81(27.55) | 22(27.16) | 59(72.84) | ||
| 2000–3000 | 55(18.71) | 16(29.09) | 39(70.91) | ||
| ≥3000 | 39(13.27) | 5(12.82) | 34(87.18) | ||
| Insurance, n(%) | 6.06 | 0.048 | |||
| No | 26(8.84) | 7(26.92) | 19(70.08) | ||
| Medical insurance | 117(39.80) | 34(29.06) | 83(70.94) | ||
| Rural Medicare cooperative | 151(51.36) | 64(42.38) | 87(57.62) | ||
Bold values indicate significant results(p<0.05).
*Independent t-tests.
DR: Diabetic retinopathy