Table 2.
Changes in parameters at the second assessment after education to a healthy lifestyle (n = 3,009)
| Variable | Baseline | Second Assessment | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight, kg | 76.6 ± 15.3 | 76.4 ± 15.3 | 0.002 * | ||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 30.2 ± 5.6 | 30.1 ± 5.6 | 0.004 * | ||
| Symptoms | |||||
| Dyspnea, n (%) | |||||
| No | 1,699 (56.6) | 1,843 (61.3) | |||
| Yes | 1,310 (43.5) | 1,164 (38.7) | < 0.001 † | ||
| NYHA I | 131 (4.4) | 111 (3.7) | |||
| NYHA II | 705 (23.4) | 632 (21.0) | |||
| NYHA III | 474 (15.8) | 421 (14.0) | |||
| Angina pectoris, n (%) | |||||
| No | 2,547 (84.6) | 2,580 (85.8) | |||
| Yes | 462 (15.4) | 428 (14.2) | 0.143 † | ||
| CCS I | 77 (2.6) | 69 (2.3) | |||
| CCS II | 231 (7.7) | 224 (7.4) | |||
| CCS III | 154 (5.1) | 135 (4.5) | |||
| Smoking, n (%) | |||||
| Current smoker | |||||
| No | 2,110 (70.1) | 2,129 (70.8) | |||
| Yes | 899 (29.9) | 880 (29.2) | 0.110 † | ||
| Active | |||||
| No | 2,900 (96.4) | 2,923 (97.1) | |||
| Yes | 109 (3.6) | 86 (2.9) | 0.002 † | ||
| Passive | |||||
| No | 2,196 (73.0) | 2,199 (73.1) | |||
| Yes | 813 (27.0) | 810 (26.9) | 0.772 † | ||
| Former smoker | |||||
| No | 2,343 (77.9) | 2,309 (76.7) | |||
| Yes | 666 (22.1) | 700 (23.3) | < 0.001 † | ||
| Diet, n (%) | |||||
| Poor | 983 (32.7) | 690 (22.9) | < 0.001 ‡ | ||
| Intermediate | 1,785 (59.3) | 1,901 (63.2) | |||
| Ideal | 241 (8.0) | 417 (13.9) | |||
| Physical activity, n (%) | |||||
| No | 1,626 (54.0) | 1,478 (49.2) | < 0.001 ‡ | ||
| Some | 1,378 (45.8) | 1,519 (50.5) | |||
| Frequent | 5 (0.2) | 9 (0.3) | |||
| Psychological stress level, n (%) | |||||
| Mild or absent | 604 (42.1) | 453 (46.5) | 0.006 ‡ | ||
| Moderate | 646 (45.0) | 391 (40.1) | |||
| Important | 185 (12.9) | 131 (13.4) | |||
| Missing | 1,574 | 2,034 | |||
Values are expressed as mean ± SD. Data for categorical variables are shown as the number of cases with percentages in brackets. NYHA: New York Heart Association functional classification; CCS: Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina classification. Changes in dietary intake are depicted on Table 4. P values were calculated using the t test *, the McNemar's test † for symmetry and the Bowker's test ‡ for symmetry, as required. Numbers of missing values smaller than four are not reported.