Table 3.
Clinical and angiographic characteristics on presentation of patients with CISR with and without a secondary outcome
| All patients (n = 110) | With outcome (n = 24) | Without outcome (n = 86) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 61 ± 11 | 61 ± 12 | 61 ± 10 | 0.93 |
| Male gender | 75 (68.2) | 16 (66.7) | 59 (68.6) | 0.85 |
| SUS | 56 (50.9) | 16 (66.7) | 40 (46.5) | 0.08 |
| CISR in DES | 12 (10.9) | 4 (16.7) | 8 (9.3) | 0.24 |
| CISR time (months) * | 13.5 (4.7 - 55) | 11 (5.0 - 28) | 20 (4.0 - 65) | 0.79 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||
| CHF | 5 (4.5) | 1 (4.2) | 4 (4.7) | |
| Asymptomatic and positive test | 5 (4.5) | 1 (4.2) | 4 (4.7) | |
| Stable angina | 31 (28.2) | 5 (20.8) | 26 (30.2) | 0.87 |
| Unstable angina | 50 (45.5) | 11 (45.8) | 39 (45.3) | |
| NSTEM | 14 (12.8) | 4 (16.7) | 10 (11.6) | |
| STEMI | 5 (4.5) | 2 (8.3) | 3 (3.5) | |
| Hypertension | 98 (89.1) | 23 (95.8) | 75 (87.2) | 0.21 |
| Dyslipidemia | 100 (90.9) | 24 (100) | 76 (88.4) | 0.31 |
| Smoking | 15 (13.6) | 2 (11.1) | 13 (14.1) | 0.72 |
| Diabetes Mellitus (DM) | 40 (36.4) | 9 (50.0) | 61 (33.7) | 0.18 |
| DM - insulin | 17 (15.5) | 5 (27.8) | 12 (13.0) | 0.15 |
| Baseline creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.8 - 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8 - 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8 - 1.1) | 0.84 |
| Creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dL | 9 (8.2) | 3 (16.7) | 6 (6.5) | 0.12 |
| Prior AMI | 68 (61.8) | 15 (62.5) | 53 (61.6) | 0.93 |
| Previous CAGB | 18 (16.4) | 5 (20.8) | 13 (15.1) | 0.53 |
| Positive FH | 23 (20.9) | 7 (29.2) | 16 (18.6) | 0.26 |
| LVEF (%) | 54 (40 - 63) | 45 (38 - 63) | 57 (40 - 63) | 0.36 |
| Restenosis treatment | ||||
| CAGB | 20 (18.2) | 2 (8.3) | 18 (20.9) | |
| PCI DES | 40 (36.4) | 5 (20.8) | 35 (40.7) | |
| PCI BMS | 26 (23.2) | 12 (50.0) | 14 (16.3) | 0.01 |
| Balloon PCI | 17 (15.5) | 3 (12.5) | 14 (16.3) | |
| Clinical treatment | 7 (6.4) | 2 (8.3) | 5 (5.8) | |
| ISR arterial location | ||||
| Anterior descending | 58 (52.7) | 7 (29.2) | 51 (59.3) | |
| Circumflex | 20 (18.2) | 6 (25) | 14 (16.3) | 0.03 |
| Right coronary | 30 (27.3) | 11 (45.8) | 19 (22.1) | |
| Left coronary trunk | 2(1.8) | 0 | 2 (2.3) | |
| TIMI flow before the procedure | ||||
| TIMI 0 or 1 | 12 (10.9) | 1 (4.2) | 11 (12.8) | |
| TIMI 2 | 13 (11.8) | 2 (8.3) | 11 (12.8) | 0.36 |
| TIMI 3 | 85 (77.3) | 21 (87.5) | 64 (74.4) | |
| Type of ISR† | ||||
| Focal | 25 (22.7) | 4 (16.7) | 21 (24.4) | |
| Diffuse | 36 (32.7) | 12 (50.0) | 24 (27.9) | 0.20 |
| Proliferative | 38 (34.5) | 7 (29.2) | 31 (36.0) | |
| Occlusive | 11 (10.0) | 1 (4.2) | 10 (11.6) | |
| Semiquantitative LVEF | ||||
| Normal LV | 12 (10.9) | 3 (12.5) | 9 (10.5) | |
| Mild LV dysfunction | 20 (18.2) | 6(25.0) | 14 (16.3) | 0.55 |
| Moderate LV dysfunction | 34 (30.9) | 9(37.5) | 25 (29.1) | |
| Severe LV dysfunction | 36 (32.7) | 5(20.8) | 31 (36.0) | |
Quantitative variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation and median (interquartile range), whereas qualitative variables are presented as absolute number (%).
Time between the stent implantation and CISR presentation.
Restenosis classification according to Mehran. CISR: clinical in-stent restenosis; CHF: cardiac heart failure; SUS: Unified Health System; DM: diabetes mellitus; ISR: in-stent restenosis; AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CAGB: coronary bypass surgery; FH: family history; LVEF: ejection fraction; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; DES: drug-eluting stent; BMS: bare metal stent; STEMI-ST: segment elevation myocardial infarction; NSTEMI: non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI: Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow; LV: left ventricle.