Table 3.

Ethogram for data collection categories. All categories were recorded during focal follows, including behavior, location and human contact.

CATEGORIES	Definition
BEHAVIORS
Social Behavior	An individual is engaged in social play or allo-grooming with humans or conspecifics. This category also includes rarely observed social sexual events.
Feeding	Individual eating a food item
Searching for food	An individual actively searching for food (may be collecting seed pods or fruit).
Subsistence tool-use	The use of an object, e.g., stick or stalk of vegetation, to probe or explore an opening, including termite mound holes, ground holes, or cracks. This behavioral category also included the use of a solid object to strike another to access potentially an embedded edible resource.
General Solitary Behaviors	Time spent self-grooming, playing alone or with an object, and solitary sexual events such as masturbation
Observing	Individual maintains gaze directed towards keeper or conspecific group member. Who is observed and their activity is also recorded. Gaze must be maintained for longer than 3 seconds and within 3 meters of the individual being observed.
Nest Making	Manipulation of branches and/or terrestrial herbaceous vegetation (THV) with the purpose to construct or modify a nesting structure either for resting or play.
Travel	Locomotion on the ground or in an arboreal setting (excludes individual displacement when actively searching for food—see above).
Resting	The individual is sleeping, standing or sitting and is not actively playing, grooming or partaking in any social behavior stated above, including not actively feeding, foraging, tool using or observing.
LOCATION
Arboreal	Location of chimpanzee is in a tree or a vine, i.e., off the ground.
Terrestrial	Location of chimpanzee is at ground level.
HUMAN CONTACT
Yes	Individual is in direct physical contact with a human caretaker.
No	Individual is not in direct physical contact with a human caretaker.