Table 1.

Intercellular Ca²⁺ wave propagation between different cell types

Cell Types Involved	Propagation Mechanism	Reference Nos.
Astrocytes to neurons	Gap junction-based	244
Astrocytes to neurons	Glutamate-based paracrine signaling	263
Astrocytes to neurons	ATP-based signaling	371a
Astrocytes and endothelial cells	Gap junction- and ATP-based signaling	41, 210, 257
Astrocytes and menigeal cells	Gap junction- and ATP-based signaling	135
Astrocytes and microglial cells	ATP-based signaling	316, 386
Astrocytes to Müller cells	ATP-based signaling	245
Astrocytes to oligodendrocytes		266
Satellite glial cells (SGC) and neurons (N) in trigeminal ganglia	SGC to N: gap junction- and ATP-based; N to SGC: ATP-based signaling	348
Hepatocytes to bile duct epithelial cells	ATP-based signaling	317
Vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells	Gap junction-based	170
Supporting cells in the cochlea trigger Ca2+ spikes in inner hair cells in explant cultures	ATP-based signaling	376, 377

All examples listed refer to cell culture studies.