Table 2.
Drugs inhibiting the mitochondrial membrane permeabilization
| Target | Drug | Type of compound | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| MPT pores | Cyclosporin A | Small molecule | Prevents opening of MPT pores via cyclophilin D (CypD) interaction. Side toxicity due to interaction with other cyclophilins |
| NIM811 | Small molecule | Prevents opening of MPT pores via CypD interaction. More specific than cyclosporine A (CsA). | |
| Sanglifehrin A | Small molecule | Prevents opening of MPT pores via CypD interaction. Binds to CypD at different sites from CsA | |
| Adenosine | IPC mimetics | Induces desensitization of MPT by causing IPC | |
| Bradykinin | IPC mimetics | Induces desensitization of MPT by causing IPC | |
| Opioids | IPC mimetics | Induces desensitization of MPT by causing IPC | |
| Diazoxide | IPC mimetics | Mimics IPC, induces desensitization of MPT by opening mitoKATP | |
| Pinacidil | IPC mimetics | Mimics IPC, induces desensitization of MPT by opening mitoKATP | |
| Nicoradil | IPC mimetics | Mimics IPC, induces desensitization of MPT by opening mitoKATP | |
| Isofluorane | Anaesthetic | Induces IPC-like condition (APC), inhibits complex I and glycogen synthase kinase 3 p, preserves mitochondrial functions. | |
| Minocycline | Semi-synthetic antibiotic | Inhibits MPT by decreasing mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake |
MPT: mitochondrial permeability transition; IPC: ischemic precondition. mitoKATP : mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K-channels and APC: anaesthetic precondition.