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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jul 8.
Published in final edited form as: Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Nov;128(5):1093–1103. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31822b6817

Table 3.

Frequency of individual Caprini RAM risk factors in patients with and without postoperative VTE.

Risk Factor No VTE (N=3,292) Yes VTE (N=42) p value
ONE POINT RISK FACTORS
 Age 41–59 54.3% (1789) 45.2% (19) 0.239
 Minor surgery planned 5.0% (164) 11.9% (5) 0.042
 Major surgery within 30 days 13.2% (434) 42.9% (18) <0.001
 Varicose veins 1.0% (32) 0 (0) 0.521
 History of IBD 0.7% (23) 0(0) 0.587
 Swollen legs (current) 3.2% (106) 1.3% (2) 0.575
 BMI>25 73.7% (2426) 88.1% (37) 0.035
 Acute myocardial infarction <3 months 0.1% (2) 7.1% (3) <0.001
 Congestive heart failure <1 month 0.6% (21) 7.1% (3) <0.001
 Sepsis <1 month 0.5% (15) 0 (0) 0.661
 Serious lung disease (inc. pneumonia) <1 month 0.5% (15) 0 (0) 0.661
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2.1% (68) 9.5% (4) 0.001
TWO POINT RISK FACTORS
 Age 60–74 years 16.1% (531) 6.2% (11) 0.079
 Arthroscopic surgery 0.2% (5) 0 (0) 0.800
 Malignancy (present or previous) 37.2% (1224) 31.0% (13) 0.406
 Major surgery >45 minutes 94.3% (3105) 90.5% (38) 0.287
 Laparoscopic surgery >45 minutes 0.2% (6) 0 (0) 0.782
 Central venous access 8.7% (286) 31.0% (13) <0.001
THREE POINT RISK FACTORS
 Age ≥75 4.5% (149) 7.1% (3) 0.419
 History of DVT/PE 3.3% (109) 11.9% (5) 0.002
 Family history of DVT/PE 1.0% (34) 2.4% (1) 0.394
 Positive Factor V Leiden 0.2% (8) 0 (0) 0.749
 Positive Prothrombin 20210A 0.03% (1) 0 (0) 0.910
 Positive Lupus anticoagulant 0.1% (3) 0 (0) 0.845
 Heparin induced thrombocytopenia 0.1% (3) 0 (0) 0.845
 Elevated serum homocysteine 0 (0) 0 (0) ----
 Elevated anticardiolipin antibodies 0 (0) 0 (0) ----
 Other congenital or inherited thrombophilia 0.2% (7) 0 (0) 0.765
 Polycythemia vera 0.1% (3) 0 (0) 0.845
FIVE POINT RISK FACTORS
 Elective major lower extremity arthroplasty 0.6% (18) 0 (0) 0.631
 Hip, pelvis, or leg fracture <1 month 0.4% (13) 0 (0) 0.683
 Stroke <1 month 0.03% (1) 0 (0) 0.910
 Multiple trauma <1 month 2.2% (73) 7.1% (3) 0.034
 Acute spinal cord injury or paralysis <1 month 0.1% (3) 0 (0) 0.845
Females Only No VTE (N=2168) Yes VTE (N=20) p value
ONE POINT RISK FACTORS
 Oral contraceptives 7.1% (154) 10.0% (2) 0.616
 Pregnancy or postpartum (<1 month) 0.2% (4) 0 (0) ----
 History of unexplained stillborn infant recurrent spontaneous abortion (≥3), premature birth with toxemia or growth-restricted infant 0.3% (6) 0 (0) ----