Table 1.

Activators of STAT family proteins (adapted from Yu et al., 2009 [9]).

STAT protein	Key activators
STAT1	IFNγ, IFNα, and IFNβ
STAT2	IFNα and IFNβ
STAT3	IL-6, IL-10, IL-23, IL-21, IL-11, LIF, and OSM
STAT4	IL-12
STAT5A and STAT5B	IL-2, GM-CSF, IL-15, IL-7, IL-3, IL-5, growth hormones, and prolactin
STAT6	IL-4 and IL-13