iNOS expression in moderately infected macrophages is regulated by ROS and cathepsin B. (A) RAW macrophages infected at an MOI of 10 were treated with one of more of the following chemicals: l-NAME, DMTU, and Ca-074Me. Shown are means and SD. (B) Western blot for iNOS at 24 h p.i. from mock-infected cells (lane 1); cells infected at an MOI of 0.5 (lane 2), 10 (lane 3), or 10 with l-NAME (lane 4); cells infected at an MOI of 10 with DMTU (lane 5); and cells infected at an MOI of 10 with Ca-074Me (lane 6). (C to E) Representative live-microscopy images of cells at 10 h p.i. treated with the cathepsin B indicator dye MR-(RR)2 (red channel) and the nuclear stain Hoechst 33342 (blue channel). (C) Mock infected. (D) MOI = 10. (E) MOI = 10 with DMTU. ****, P < 0.0001.