Table 1.

Structural information on bacterial RNAP.

Structure	PDB code	Reference	Source
Subunit and domain
α subunit NTD	1BDFX	[7]	A
α subunit NTD	4NOIX	none	F
α subunit CTD	1COON, 3K4GX	[5,8]	A
α subunit CTD	1DOQN	[9]	B
α subunit CTD	2MAXN	[10]	E
β subunit 2/i4 domains	3LTIX	[11]	A
β subunit flap domain	2LY7N	none	C
β subunit 1/2 domains	4KBJX	[12]	I
β' subunit i2 domain	2AUJX	[13]	B
β' subunit i6 domain	2AUKX, 4IQZX	[13]	A
σ region 1.1	2K6XN	[14]	G, a
σ70 domain2	1SIGX	[15]	A, a
σA domains2 and 3	1KU2X	[16]	B, a
σA domain4	1KU3X	[16]	B, a
σA domain4–DNA (−35 element)	1KU7X	[16]	B, a
σA domain4	1TTYN	[17]	G, a
σA domain2–DNA (−10 element)	3UGOX, 3UGPX	[18]	B, a
σA domain4–αCTD–DNA	3N97X	none	B, a, A
σNRpoN–DNA (−24 element)	2O8KN, 2O9LN	[19]	D, d
σN core binding domain	2K9MN	[20]	D, d
σNRpoN domain	2AHQN	[21]	D, d
σEdomain4–DNA (−35 element)	2H27X	[22]	A, c
σC domain2	2O7GX	[23]	I, c
σC domain4	2O8XX	[23]	I, c
σD domain4	3VFZX	[24]	I, c
δ subunit NTD	2KRCN, 4NC7X, 4NC8X, 2M4KN, 2KRCN	[25,26,27]	C
ε subunit	4NJCX	[28]	C
RNAP
Core enzyme	1HQMX	[29,30]	B
Core enzyme (Δω subunit)	2GHOX	[31]	B
Holoenzyme	1L9UX, 1IW7X, 2A6EX, 2CW0X	[32,33,34]	B
Holoenzyme	4YG2X, 4LJZX, 4MEYX	[35,36,37]	A
Holoenzyme–DNA (−41 ~ −7)	1L9ZX	[38]	B
Holoenzyme–DNA (−12 ~ +12)	4G7HX, 4G7OX	[39]	B
de novo initiation complex	4Q4ZX, 4OIOX	[40,41]	B
Initially transcribing complex	4Q5SX	[40]	B
Elongation complex	2O5IX, 2O5JX	[42,43]	B
Paused elongation complex	4GZYX, 4GZZX	[44]	B
Backtracked elongation complex	4WQSX	[45]	B

A: Escherichia coli; B: Thermus aquatics/Thermus thermophilus; C: Bacillus subtilis/Bacilus stearothermophilus; D: Aquifex aeolicus; E: Helicobacter pylori; F: Campylobacter jejuni; G: Thermotoga maritime; I: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; a: group I σ factor; c: extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factor; d: σ^N/σ⁵⁴ factor; ^X: X-ray crystallography method; ^N: NMR method.