. 2015 Jul 10;12:21. doi: 10.1186/s12989-015-0096-2

Table 8.

Microscopic findings in the lungs of male and female rats 24 h and 90 days after a 90-day exposure to Graphistrength^© C100

	Males				Females
Target concentration (mg/m³)	0	0.05	0.25	5.0	0	0.05	0.25	5.0
Number examined	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10
(24 h/90 days)	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10	10/10
Black particle deposition
trace	-	-/10	-	-	-	-/10	-	-
minimal	-	9/-	-/10	-	-	10/-	2/10	-
slight	-	-	10/-	-	-	-	8/-	-
moderate	-	-	-	-/2	-	-	-	4/3
marked	-	-	-	10/8	-	-	-	6/7
Mean severity^a	-	0.9/0.5	2.0/1.0	4.0/3.8	-	1.0/0.5	1.8/1.0	3.6/3.7
Alveolar macrophages
minimal	-	-	8/10	-/1	-	-	9/10	-
slight	-	-	-	-/3	-	-	-	1/8
moderate	-	-	-	10/6	-	-	-	9/2
Mean severity^a	-	0.0	0.8/1.0	3.0/2.5	-	-	0.9/1.0	2.9/2.2
Alveolar eosinophilic material
minimal	-	-	-	6/8	-	-	-	4/4
slight	-	-	-	2/2	-	-	-	4/5
moderate	-	-	-	1/-	-	-	-	1/-
Mean severity^a	-	-	-	1.3/1.2	-	-	-	1.5/1.4
Alveolar granulocyte infiltration
minimal	-	-	-	10/8	-	-	-	10/7
Mean severity^a	-	-	-	1.0/0.8	-	-	-	1.0/0.7
Interstitial inflammation
minimal	-	-	-	-/1	-	-	-	4/5
slight	-	-	-	10/9	-	-	-	6/5
Mean severity^a	-	-	-	2.0/1.9	-	-	-	1.6/1.5
Bronchiolar cell hypertrophy/hyperplasia
minimal	-	-	-	10/-	-	-	-	10/-
Mean severity^a	-	-	-	1.0/-	-	-	-	1.0/-
Focal/multifocal collagen depositions, alveolar septa
minimal	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-/2
slight	-	-	-	-/2	-	-	-	-
Mean severity^a	-	-	-	-/0.4	-	-	-	-/0.2
Increased lymphocytes, BALT ^b
minimal	-	-	-	2/-	-	-	-	2/-
slight	-	-	-	1/-	-	-	-	-
Mean severity	-	-	-	0.4/-	-	-	-	0.2/-

Histopathological findings were graded in severity using a five point system of minimal (grade 1), slight (grade 2), moderate (grade 3), marked (grade 4) or severe (grade 5). An additional grading unit, trace (grade 0.5), was used to describe a trace amount of black particle deposition in the lungs

^a: mean severity is ∑ number of animals x severity / number of examined organs in the group

^bbronchus associated lymphoid tissue

- : no animal affected