Fig. 1.

Neutralisation of interleukin (IL)-17 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during established collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). a Macroscopic disease scores followed over time from day 21 (day 0 of treatment). n = 10 mice/group. Arrows indicate times of antibody treatment. p values were calculated by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) after calculation of the area under the curve. b Endpoint X-ray analysis of ankle joints after CIA. Representative ankle joint shown for the isotype control and the anti-IL-17 + anti-GM-CSF groups. c Pooled endpoint X-ray analysis of ankle joints scored for bone damage [n = 20 joints/group; mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM)]. d Histological analysis of ankle joints. Original magnification, ×50. e Detailed histological scores of the ankle joints after 14 days of treatment. n = 20 joints/group. f Total histological scores. n = 20 joints/group. Mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001, two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s test for multiple comparisons. H&E haematoxylin and eosin, NS not significant, PG proteoglycan, SafO safranin O stain