Table 5.
Scores for women in the social, psychological and physical domains according to the three frailty stages
| All | Non-frail | Pre-frail | Frail | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 4,065 | n = 2,122 | n = 1,442 | n = 501 | |||
| Social domain | ||||||
| Social network type (%) | family dependent | 23.2 | 22.9 | 22.2 | 27.5 | 0.111 |
| locally integrated | 38.8 | 41.0 | 37.7 | 32.9 | ||
| local self-contained | 22.3 | 21.6 | 23.7 | 20.8 | ||
| wider community focused | 8.4 | 9.6 | 8.3 | 3.6 | ||
| private restricted | 7.3 | 5.0 | 8.0 | 15.2 | ||
| Informal care use in past 12 months (%) | yes, and still present | 18.7 | 5.1 | 23.9 | 61.2 | <0.001 |
| no | 79.2 | 93.2 | 73.2 | 36.5 | ||
| Loneliness (De Jong-Gierveld, 0–11)a | 3.2 (±3.4) | 2.3 (±2.9) | 3.8 (±3.6) | 5.5 (±3.8) | <0.001 | |
| Psychological domain | ||||||
| Psychological distress (K-10, 10–50) | 17.0 (±6.7) | 14.2 (±4.3) | 18.3 (±6.2) | 25.4 (±8.1) | <0.001 | |
| Mastery (Pearlin & Schooler, 7–35) | 25.0 (±5.7) | 26.9 (±4.8) | 24.2 (±5.5) | 19.5 (±5.7) | <0.001 | |
| Self-management (SMAS-S, 1–6) | 4.1 (±0.7) | 4.3 (±0.6) | 4.0 (±0.7) | 3.5 (±0.8) | <0.001 | |
| Physical domain | ||||||
| Chronic diseases (%) | diabetes | 16.5 | 10.4 | 20.2 | 32.5 | <0.001 |
| stroke/cerebral haemorrhage or infarction (past 12 months) | 1.6 | 0.8 | 2.0 | 3.5 | <0.001 | |
| myocardial infarction (ever) | 7.3 | 3.5 | 8.9 | 19.1 | <0.001 | |
| other heart conditions (CHF or AP) (past 12 months) | 8.1 | 3.9 | 11.0 | 18.1 | <0.001 | |
| cancer (ever) | 18.7 | 16.4 | 20.1 | 24.4 | <0.001 | |
| asthma or COPD (past 12 months) | 15.9 | 11.3 | 18.6 | 26.6 | <0.001 | |
| hip or knee arthrosis (past 12 months) | 52.0 | 37.3 | 64.0 | 75.5 | <0.001 | |
| chronic joint inflammation (past 12 months) | 20.1 | 7.8 | 29.0 | 44.0 | <0.001 | |
| back problems (incl. hernia) (past 12 months) | 24.0 | 13.9 | 30.0 | 47.1 | <0.001 | |
| Number of chronic diseases (%) | 0 | 26.7 | 38.6 | 16.7 | 4.8 | <0.001 |
| 1 | 30.9 | 37.4 | 26.2 | 16.6 | ||
| 2 | 21.0 | 16.5 | 26.8 | 23.4 | ||
| ≥3 | 21.5 | 7.5 | 30.3 | 55.3 | ||
| GARS IADL-disability (7–28) | 10.9 (±5.2) | 8.1 (±2.2) | 12.1 (±4.9) | 19.1 (±5.2) | <0.001 | |
| OECD disability | 1 or more disabilities (%) | 35.8 | 12.4 | 50.0 | 94.6 | <0.001 |
aPreferable score is underlined