Table 2.
The prevalence and intensity of S. haematobium infections in children from six villages in the Niakhar study area in Central Senegal before treatment with PZQ, 5 weeks post treatment and reinfection levels at 2 to 3 months after draining of ponds and backwater
| Characteristics S. haematobium infection | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Villages | Gajak | Godel | Logdir | Puday | Ngalagne kop | Sass njafaj | Total | P-value |
| Baseline (June 2011) | ||||||||
| No. of children infected/examined | 77/98 | 32/52 | 25/31 | 37/52 | 48/52 | 22/44 | 241/329 | <0.001 |
| Prevalence (95 % CI) | 78.6 % (67.2-83.8) | 61.5 % (47.9-73.5) | 80.6 % (63.7-90.8) | 71.1 % (57.7-81.6) | 92.3 % (81.8-96.9) | 50 % (35.8-64.2) | 73.2 % (68.2-77.2) | |
| Numbers of infected children treated with PZQ | 75 | 32 | 25 | 36 | 47 | 22 | 237 | |
| GM egg count/10 ml of urine (95 % CI) | 169.8 (119.2-241.8) | 189.3 (105.6-339.4) | 128.3 (73.8-222.8) | 966.6 (581.2-1607.5) | 1573.9 (1208.2-2050.4) | 276.8 (132.2-580.1) | 356.1 (286.1-443.3) | <0.001 |
| Treatment (August 2011) | ||||||||
| Follow-up efficacy of PZQ 5 weeks post treatment (in September 2011) | ||||||||
| No. of children infected/examined | 7/96 | 1/52 | 0/31 | 1/51 | 5/51 | 1/44 | 15/325 | |
| Prevalence (95 % CI) | 7.3 % (3.6-14.3) | 2 % (0.3-10.3) | 0 % (0–11) | 1.9 % (0.3-10.1) | 9.8 % (4.2-20.6) | 2.3 % (0.4-11.8) | 4.6 % (2.7-7.4) | 0.219 |
| Numbers of infected treated examined | 75 | 32 | 25 | 36 | 47 | 22 | 237 | |
| No of children cured (CR in %) | 68 (90.6 %) | 31 (96.8 %) | 25 (100 %) | 35 (97.2 %) | 42 (89.4 %) | 21 (95.4 %) | 222 (93.7 %) | 0.7 |
| GM egg count/10 ml of urine (95 % CI) | 38.1 (9.1-159) | 30.0 | . | 35.0 | 64.9 (25.2-167.6) | 25.0 | 43.3 (23.1-81.2) | 0.144 |
| ERR in % | 77.6 % | 84.1 % | 100 % | 96.4 % | 95.9 % | 90.9 % | 87.8 % | 0.92 |
| Reinfection after treatment (September to November 2011) | ||||||||
| Follow-up reinfection 2 to 3 months after transmission period in February and March 2012 | ||||||||
| No. of children infected/examined | 15/96 | 2/52 | 2/31 | 14/51 | 11/51 | 1/44 | 45/325 | |
| Prevalence (95 % CI) | 15.6 % (9.7-24.2) | 3.8 % (1.1-12.9) | 6.4 % (1.8-20.2) | 26.9 % (16.7-40.2) | 21.7.% (12.5-34.6) | 2.3 % (0.4-11.8) | 13.8 % (10.5-18) | 0.002 |
| GM egg count/10 ml of urine (95 % CI) | 99.9 (45.1-221.3) | 215.6 (0–1.1e + 13) | 462.5 (0–5.7e + 11) | 30.7 (10–94.5) | 12.0 (4.4-33.1) | 506.0 | 48.1 (26.6-86.8) | 0.01 |
| No. of children re-infected/surveyed | 8/89 | 1/51 | 2/31 | 13/50 | 6/46 | 0/43 | 30/310 | |
| Reinfection rate (95 % CI) | 8.9 % (4.6-16.7) | 1.9 % (0.3-10.3) | 6.4 % (1.7-20.7) | 26 % (15.8-39.5) | 12.8 % (5.9-25.2) | 0 % (0.0-10) | 9.7 % (6.9-13.5) | <0.001 |