Table 4.
Total hip replacement: differences in costs and outcomes between APEX randomised groups
| Difference (intervention – control) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mean | (95 % CI) | |
| OUTCOMES | |||
| QALYs | |||
| QALY gain – available cases a | 216 | 0.064 | (0.018 to 0.110) |
| QALY gain – imputed data b | 322 | 0.052 | (0.011 to 0.094) |
| Primary clinical outcome | |||
| WOMAC pain score improvement – available cases c | 281 | 4.74 | (0.95 to 8.54) |
| WOMAC pain score improvement – imputed data d | 322 | 5.35 | (1.33 to 9.34) |
| COST | |||
| Initial inpatient stay | |||
| Total of inpatient stay – available cases a | 273 | -£123 | (£–364 to £118) |
| Total of inpatient stay – imputed data b | 322 | -£32 | (£–349 to £285) |
| Secondary care after initial discharge | |||
| Inpatient admissions – available cases a | 236 | £251 | (£–114 to £617) |
| Inpatient admissions – imputed data b | 322 | £139 | (£–174 to £452) |
| Outpatient visits – available cases a | 287 | -£2 | (£–36 to £32) |
| Outpatient visits with – imputed data b | 322 | £4 | (£–33 to £42) |
| Total secondary care cost – available cases a | 231 | £251 | (£–136 to £639) |
| Total secondary care cost – imputed data b | 322 | £143 | (£–184 to £471) |
| Community-based resources | |||
| Total community-based costs – available cases a | 202 | -£4 | (£–51 to £43) |
| Total community-based costs – imputed data b | 322 | -£34 | (£–83 to £16) |
| Total NHS cost – complete NHS cost cases a | 179 | £15 | (£–373 to £404) |
| Total NHS cost – imputed data b | 322 | £78 | (£–404 to £560) |
| Personal social services (PSS) | |||
| Total personal social services – available cases a | 263 | -£83 | (£–289 to £123) |
| Total personal social services – imputed data b | 322 | -£164 | (£–418 to £91) |
| Total NHS + PSS cost – complete NHS+PSS cost cases a | 173 | -£94 | (£–634 to £446) |
| Total NHS + PSS cost – imputed data b | 322 | -£86 | (£–634 to £462) |
a Adjusted for minimisation variables (baseline WOMAC pain score and surgical approach) and baseline utility for QALYs, robust standard errors
b Adjusted for minimisation variables (and baseline utility for QALYs), robust standard errors, M=20 multiple imputation sets, bootstrapped confidence intervals with 1000 replications
c Adjusted for minimisation variables (baseline WOMAC pain score and surgical approach) and baseline utility for QALYs
d Adjusted for minimisation variables, M=20 multiple imputation sets from main statistical analysis