Table 2.
Chemical constituents of Forsythiae fructus
| No. | Compounds | Ref. |
|---|---|---|
| Phenylethanoid Glycosides | ||
| 146 | forsythoside A | [84] |
| 147 | forsythoside B | [85] |
| 148 | forsythoside C | [85] |
| 149 | forsythoside D | [85] |
| 150 | forsythoside E | [86] |
| 151 | forsythoside F | [86] |
| 152 | isoforsythoside | [87] |
| 153 | forsythoside H | [86] |
| 154 | forsythoside I | [86] |
| 155 | forsythoside J | [86] |
| 156 | R-forsythoside J | [88] |
| 157 | S-forsythoside J | [88] |
| 158 | R-suspensaside | [88] |
| 159 | S-suspensaside | [88] |
| 160 | S-suspensaside methyl ether | [88] |
| 161 | calceolarioside A | [89] |
| 162 | calceolarioside B | [86] |
| 163 | plantainoside A | [89] |
| 164 | suspensaside A | [90] |
| 165 | lianqiaoxinoside B | [54] |
| 166 | salidroside | [91] |
| 167 | 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl alcohol-8-o-β-D-glucopyranoside | [90] |
| 168 | forsythenside A | [35] |
| 169 | forsythenside F | [35] |
| 170 | phenethylalcohol-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1–6)-β-D-glucopyranoside | [35] |
| Triterpenoids | ||
| 171 | isobauerenyl acetate | [90] |
| 172 | ocotillone | [90] |
| 173 | ocotillol acetate | [90] |
| 174 | 20(S)-dammar-24-ene-3β,20-diol-3-acetate | [92] |
| 175 | oleanolic acid | [93] |
| 176 | β-amyrinacetate | [92] |
| 177 | ursolic acid | [93] |
| 178 | 2α,3α-hydroxyursolic acid | [94] |
| 179 | 2α,23-hydroxyursolic acid | [93] |
| 180 | betulinic acid | [95] |
| 181 | 3β-acetylbetulinic acid | [95] |
| 182 | 2α-hydroxybetulinic acid | [93] |
| 183 | 3β-acetyl-20,25-epoxydammarane-24α-ol | [96] |
| 184 | 3β-acetyl-20,25-epoxydammarane-24β-ol | [96] |
| 185 | onjisaponin F | [94] |
| 186 | onjisaponin G | [94] |
| Lignans | ||
| 187 | (−) arctigenin | [97] |
| 188 | (−) dimethylmatairesinol | [97] |
| 189 | (+) phillygenin | [93] |
| 190 | (+) phillyrin (forsythin) | [98] |
| 191 | (+) epipinoresinol | [88] |
| 192 | (+) epipinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside | [98] |
| 193 | (+) epipinoresinol-4′-O-β-D-glucoside | [88] |
| 194 | (+)-1-hydroxy-6-epipinoresinol | [88] |
| 195 | (+)-1-hydroxy-6-epipinoresinol-4″-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [88] |
| 196 | 7′-epi-8-hydroxypinoresinol | [88] |
| 197 | (+) pinoresinol | [88] |
| 198 | (+) pinoresinol-β-D-glucoside | [99] |
| 199 | (+) pinoresinol monomethyl ether-β-D-glucoside | [99] |
| 200 | (+)-1-hydroxypinordsinol | [88] |
| 201 | (+)-1-hydroxypinordsinol-4′-O-β-D-glucoside | [88] |
| 202 | (+)-1-hydroxypinordsinol-4″-O-β-D-glucoside | [88] |
| 203 | 8-hydroxypinoresinol | [55] |
| 204 | isolariciresinol | [55] |
| 205 | isolariciresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [100] |
| 206 | isolariciresinol-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | [100] |
| 207 | (+)-isoolivil | [100] |
| 208 | cedrusin | [100] |
| 209 | benzenebutanoic acid | [55] |
| 210 | olivil | [97] |
| 211 | (+) lariciresinol | [55] |
| 212 | forsythialan A | [101] |
| 213 | forsythialan B | [101] |
| Iridoid Glycosides | ||
| 214 | adoxosidic acid | [90] |
| C6-C2 Natural Alcohols | ||
| 215 | rengyol | [102] |
| 216 | isorengyol | [102] |
| 217 | rengyoside A | [91] |
| 218 | rengyoside C | [91] |
| 219 | suspenol | [84] |
| 220 | rengyolester | [103] |
| 221 | rengynic acid | [98] |
| 222 | rengynic acid 1′-O-β-D-glucoside | [98] |
| 223 | rengyoxide | [104] |
| 224 | rengyoside B | [91] |
| 225 | rengyolone | [91] |
| 226 | cornoside | [104] |
| 227 | forsythenside B | [90] |
| Flavonoids | ||
| 228 | quercetin | [105] |
| 229 | hyperin | [106] |
| 230 | rutin | [105] |
| 231 | wogonin-7-O-glucoside | [98] |
| 232 | hesperidin | [106] |
| Alkaloids | ||
| 233 | rutaecarpine | [107] |
| 234 | suspensine A | [108] |
| 235 | (−)-egenine | [108] |
| 236 | (−)-7′-O-methylegenine | [108] |
| 237 | (−)-bicuculline | [108] |
| 238 | octahydro-1H, 5H-dipyrrolo [1,2-a:1′,2′-d] pyrazine | [109] |
| Others | ||
| 239 | stearic acid | [16] |
| 240 | palmitic acid | [16] |
| 241 | vanillic acid | [90] |
| 242 | caffeic acid | [90] |
| 243 | 4-methoxycaffeic acid | [100] |
| 244 | chlorogenic acid | [106] |
| 245 | 4-caffeoylrutinose | [98] |
| 246 | suspenolic acid | [98] |
| 247 | 3-ethyl-7-hydroxyphthalide | [67] |
| 248 | forsythenin | [90] |
| 249 | tannic acid | [110] |