Dominant third-party suppression mediated by IDO+ pDCs. Two independent pairs of APCs and responder T cells were used to test the effect of IDO on third-party T cell responses. IDO+ pDCs from TDLNs presented H2Kb antigen to BM3 T cells, while IDO– DCs (sorted CD11c+ cells from normal CBA spleen) presented antigen to TCR-transgenic CD4+ T cells (recognizing a peptide from HY, restricted on H2Ek). In both cases, the APC/T cell ratio was 1:25. Graded numbers of the pDC+BM3 pair were added to 1 × 105 cells of the DC+αHY pair, and the total proliferation was measured after 72 hours. The number of IDO+ pDCs added is shown on the x axis (with 4,000 cells reflecting a 1:1 ratio between the two pairs of MLRs). Duplicate sets of wells received either 1MT (squares) or no 1MT (triangles).