| Trail-making Tests A and B |
Participant must connect a sequence of alternating numbers and letters |
Time (seconds) to completion, maximum 300 seconds. Lower score (time) is better |
Executive function, visual spatial function, processing speed |
| Phonemic F-A-S Fluency |
Participant must generate as many words in one minute as possible beginning with a given letter over three trials (e.g. “F”, “A”, “S”) |
Number of items, higher is better |
Executive function, semantic memory, language |
| Category Fluency |
Participant must generate as many words in one minute as possible from a semantic category (e.g., “animals”) |
Number of items, higher is better |
Executive function, semantic memory, language |
| Visual Search and Attention Test |
Four timed visual cancellation tasks where participant must cross out letters and symbols identical to a target |
Number of items, 200 total (100 per side, left and right) |
Executive, visual spatial function |
| Hopkins Verbal Learning Test - Revised |
A list of words is read to the participant, who is asked to repeat the list back over multiple learning and delayed recall trials |
Number of items, 0-28 per trial, higher is better |
Verbal episodic memory |
| Digit Span Forward/Backward |
Participant is asked to repeat a string of digits forward and in reverse order |
Number of correct trials, 0-14, higher is better |
Attention |
| Boston Naming Test |
Participant is presented with drawings of common objects, which then must be named correctly |
Number of correct items, 0-15, higher is better |
Confrontation naming, language |
| Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) Digit Symbol Substitution |
Using a key provided, the participant matches symbols to numbers as quickly as possible while being timed |
Number correct items, 0-160 total index score |
Executive function, visual spatial function, processing speed |
| Wechsler Test of Adult Reading |
Participant is presented with 50 irregularly spelled words on individual word cards and asked to pronounce each word |
Number of correct items, 0-50, higher is better |
Peak life-time intelligence |
