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. 2015 May 1;4(1):266–277. doi: 10.1089/biores.2015.0004

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© Birgit Weyand et al. 2015; Published by Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.

This Open Access article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited.

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FIG. 3. — (a–d) Influence of oxygen tension on osteogenic differentiation of adipose mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) in static two-dimensional culture: MSC were cultivated in either standard stem cell media (control) or osteogenic (osteogenic) differentiation media for 4 weeks at 2% or 21% oxygen tension. At 2% and 21% oxygen tension, MSC cultured in the control medium showed no signs of osteogenic differentiation (a, c). Hypoxic culture conditions inhibited osteogenic differentiation, despite use of the osteogenic medium, (b) whereas MSC cultured under normoxia in the osteogenic medium demonstrated pronounced osteogenic differentiation with extracellular matrix formation and typical mineralized deposits (d) (von Kossa staining). (a) Control 2% oxygen. (b) Osteogenic 2% oxygen. (c) Control 21% oxygen. (d) Osteogenic 21% oxygen.