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Load curves applied to the finite-element model; see text for explanation of first 3 loading steps. Atrial chamber pressure, force applied to the mitral valve (MV) annulus, displacement boundary conditions applied to the pulmonary veins (PV), shape adjustments, external contact pressure applied to the aortic root (scaled versions applied to the septal and posterior chest wall), and active stress are all shown. Dotted lines show the range across nodes where appropriate.
